高强度激光与等离子体相互作产生的稳定通道在惯性约束核聚变中的“快点火”方案中，电子和离子的加速，长距离自聚焦，高阶谐波生成等方面都有重要的作用。激光尾场加速器则因其可以小型化，具有更高加速梯度而得到人们的广泛关注。在第一章中，我们介绍了与本文有关的一些背景知识，同时还介绍了等离子体通道和激光尾场加速的研究现状。在第二章中，我们主要讨论了在通道截面上的电磁场分布的解析解中，只有一个是满足库伦规范的。之后，我们还画出了在不同参数下归一化矢势、电子密度分布的图，其中包括了有预制真空通道和无预制真空通道的情况。第三章是本文研究的重点。在第三章中我们再现了圆偏振准高斯激光脉冲射入等离子体时的相图，接着，又得到了正弦形状的激光脉冲射入等离子体时的相似的相图。我们知道激光脉冲强度和脉冲宽度对尾场的结构特别是振幅有影响，并因此会对电子在尾场中加速所产生的能量增益有影响。在此章中，我们发现当准高斯激光脉冲和正弦激光脉冲宽度不变时，电子的能量增益随着激光振幅的增大而增大。然而，当激光强度变大时，这种增加的趋势会逐渐饱和。同时，我们比较了在强度相同的情况下，准高斯激光脉冲产生的尾场的能量增益与正弦脉冲产生的尾场的能量增益。接着，我们研究了在强度不变，脉冲宽度不同的情况下电子在两种激光的尾场中的能量增益。我们还发现在大多数时候，电子的能量增益在脉冲宽度不对称的情况下比脉冲宽度对称情况下要高。最后，在第四章，我们对本文进行了简单的总结。

Stable channeling by an intense laser pulse in plasmas is potentially applicable to the fast igniter scheme for inertial confinement fusion, electrons and ions acceleration, long-distance self-focusing, high-order harmonic generation etc. The laser wakefield accelerator has attracted many people interests because its table-top scope and high-amplitude accelerating-field gradient for particles acceleration.In the first chapter, we introduce some background on our studied topic, channeling by intense laser in plasmas and the laser wakefield acceleration, and the present study status of. them.In the second chapter, we mainly discuss that among the analytical solutions of the electromagnetic field in the channel cross there is only one mode corresponding to the Coulomb gauge. Then we plot the normalized vector potential and electron density under different parameters. In these cases, some have preformed channels，some others have no preformed channels.Our study is focused on the third chapter. In this chapter, firstly we replot the phase portraits about the circularly polarized quasi-Gaussian laser pulse in plasmas, then, we get the similar phase portraits for the Sine laser pulse in plasmas. The laser intensity and pulse width can influence the structure, in particular the amplitude, of the wakefield, and then influence the energy gain of the accelerated electrons. In this chapter, we find that the energy gain of the electrons will increase as the laser intensity increases when the laser pulse width is fixed for both of the circularly polarized laser pulse, quasi-Gaussian and Sine. However， this increase tendency is saturated when the laser intensity become large. Meanwhile, we compare the electrons energy gain difference for quasi-Gaussian and Sine lasers under the same laser intensity. Then, we study the electrons energy gains by these two kinds of lasers under different pulse width but the same intensity. We also find that in most cases the electrons energy gain under the asymmetric pulse width is higher than that under the symmetric pulse width.In chapter 4，finally, we present a brief summary.