尽管网络带来了许多便利，但它也带来了一些负面影响，如网络依赖。特别是对于中学生这一年龄群体而言，心理状态较为复杂，更容易形成使用网络的习惯。网络依赖不仅受到个人内部因素的影响，如自我控制能力，还受到家庭环境等外部因素的影响。此外，中学生的基本心理需求满足也在其中对网络依赖产生着潜在的影响。针对中学生这一特殊群体展开研究，深入了解网络依赖问题及其影响机制，指导中学生合理使用网络以杜绝网络依赖的危害，有着非常重要的现实意义。
本研究以山西省某县的1454名初一至高三的中学生为研究对象，探讨父母教养方式对中学生网络依赖的作用机制。运用问卷调查法对中学生的网络依赖、父母教养方式、基本心理需求满足、自我控制进行调查。使用SPSS26.0对数据进行描述统计、独立样本t检验、方差分析、相关分析，运用MPLUS7.0进行中介效应检验，研究结果表明：
（1）中学生的网络依赖水平较低，在性别、年级、就读方式、家庭居住地上存在显著差异。其中，网络依赖总体平均得分男生显著高于女生；高中生显著高于初中生；寄宿学生显著高于走读学生；农村学生显著高于县城和城市学生。中学生感知到的父母教养方式偏向积极教养，具体而言，被试感知到的父母关怀和自主性程度较高，父母冷漠和过度保护程度较低，父母教养方式在年级、不同抚养状况、家庭居住地上存在显著差异。中学生基本心理需求满足处于中等偏上水平，在性别、年级、不同抚养状况上存在显著差异。中学生自我控制处于中等偏上的水平，在不同性别、就读方式、年级、家庭居住地之间存在显著差异。
（2）中学生的父母教养方式、网络依赖、基本心理需求满足与自我控制两两之间显著相关。具体而言，网络依赖及其各维度与父亲和母亲关怀、自主维度负相关；与冷漠、过度保护维度正相关。基本心理需求满足与自我控制及各维度与父亲和母亲关怀、自主维度正相关；与父亲和母亲过度保护、冷漠维度负相关。基本心理需求满足各维度与网络依赖各维度负相关，自我控制各维度与网络依赖各维度负相关，基本心理需求满足各维度与自我控制各维度正相关。
（3）自我控制在父母教养方式的各个维度与网络依赖之间均起中介作用。基本心理需求满足在父母过度保护教养方式与中学生网络依赖之间起中介作用，在父母关怀、冷漠、自主教养方式与网络依赖之间的中介作用不显著。
基本心理需求满足、自我控制在父母教养方式与中学生的网络依赖之间存在链式中介作用。中学生父母关怀、自主型教养方式通过满足基本心理需求，进而促进自我控制来降低网络依赖风险；父母冷漠、过度保护型教养方式通过降低基本心理需求满足，进而降低自我控制增加网络依赖风险。

Although the Internet brings many conveniences, it also brings some negative effects, such as Internet dependence. Especially for the age group of middle school students, their psychological state is more complicated and they are more likely to form the habit of using the Internet. Internet dependence is influenced not only by internal factors of individuals, such as self-control ability, but also by external factors such as family environment. In addition, the satisfaction of basic psychological needs of secondary school students also has a potential influence on Internet dependence. It is of great practical significance to conduct research on this special group of secondary school students, to gain an in-depth understanding of the problem of Internet dependence and its influence mechanism, and to guide secondary school students to use the Internet reasonably in order to eliminate the harm of Internet dependence.
In this study, 1,454 middle school students from junior to senior high school in a county of Shanxi Province were studied to investigate the mechanism of parenting style on middle school students' Internet dependence. The questionnaire method was used to investigate secondary school students' Internet dependence, parenting style, basic psychological needs satisfaction, and self-control. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, ANOVA, and correlation analysis were performed on the data using SPSS 26.0, and the mediating effect test was performed using MPLUS 7.0. The results of the study showed that:
(1) Secondary school students had low levels of Internet dependence, with significant differences in gender, grade level, mode of schooling, and family residence. Among them, the overall mean scores of Internet dependence were significantly higher for boys than for girls; significantly higher for high school students than for middle school students; significantly higher for boarding students than for day students; and significantly higher for rural students than for county and urban students. Secondary school students' perceived parenting styles were biased toward positive parenting, specifically, subjects perceived higher levels of parental care and autonomy and lower levels of parental indifference and over protection, with significant differences in parenting styles by grade level, different parenting status, and family residence. The satisfaction of basic psychological needs of middle school students was moderately high, with significant differences in gender, grade level, and different parenting status. Secondary school students' self-control was at a moderate to high level, with significant differences across gender, school attendance, grade level, and family residence.
(2) Secondary school students' parenting style, Internet dependence, basic psychological needs satisfaction, and self-control were significantly related to each other. Specifically, Internet dependence and its dimensions were negatively correlated with father and mother care and autonomy dimensions; and positively correlated with indifference and over protection dimensions. Basic psychological needs satisfaction and self-control and its dimensions were positively correlated with father and mother care and autonomy dimensions; and negatively correlated with father and mother over protection and indifference dimensions. The dimensions of basic psychological needs satisfaction were negatively related to the dimensions of internet dependence, the dimensions of self-control were negatively related to the dimensions of internet dependence, and the dimensions of basic psychological needs satisfaction were positively related to the dimensions of self-control.
(3) Self-control mediated the relationship between all dimensions of parenting style and Internet dependence. The mediating effect of basic psychological need satisfaction between overprotective parenting style and Internet dependence of middle school students was not significant between parental care, indifference, autonomous parenting style and Internet dependence.
(4)There was a chain mediating effect of basic psychological needs satisfaction, self-control between parenting styles and middle school students' internet dependence. The caring and autonomous parenting style of middle school students reduced the risk of Internet dependence by satisfying basic psychological needs and thus promoting self-control; the indifferent and overprotective parenting style increased the risk of Internet dependence by reducing basic psychological needs satisfaction and thus self-control.