随着我国城镇化进程的推进，流动人口规模不断增大，流动人口与本地居民的幸福感问题受到了广泛关注。本文使用2018年中国综合社会调查（Chinese General Social Survey, CGSS）数据，并匹配省级宏观数据，采用有序Logit模型、工具变量回归、中介效应检验等方法考察人口流动对流动个体和城镇本地居民幸福感的影响及具体机制。结果表明：农村人口的流动行为会显著影响其幸福感。其中县际和省际流动会导致幸福感下降。省际流动中，与流动到特大城市相比，流动到中小城市会显著提升流动人口的幸福感。净流动人口对城镇本地居民幸福感的影响呈现“U型”关系。心理健康在净流动人口规模和幸福感之间具有部分中介作用，其中介效应对总效应的贡献为24.9%。

With the advancement of urbanization in China, the scale of migrant population has been continuously increasing, drawing widespread attention to the happiness of migrant population and local residents. This paper uses CGSS 2018 data and matches provincial data. Using methods such as ordered Logit model, instrumental variable regressions, and mediation effect tests, we examine the impact of population mobility on the happiness of both migrant individuals and local urban residents, as well as the specific mechanisms involved. The results show that the mobility behavior of rural population significantly affects their happiness. Specifically, inter-county and inter-provincial mobility are associated with decreased happiness. In inter-provincial mobility, compared to migrating to mega-cities, moving to medium and small cities significantly enhances the happiness of migrant population. The impact of net migration on the happiness of local urban residents follows a "U-shaped" relationship. Additionally, mental health plays a partial mediating role between the scale of net migration and happiness, contributing to approximately 24.9% of the total effect.