随着我国城镇化进程的加快和居民权利意识的增强，邻避型环境群体事件发生的频次不断增高。在面临邻避型环境群体事件时，地方政府都难以逃脱“项目实施—公众反对—政府压制—冲突升级—停建妥协”的怪圈。探讨影响政府对于不同邻避型环境群体事件回应差异的关键因素，明晰政府回应策略的选择过程，能够优化改进政府在面临此类事件时的回应，更好地提升政府对于邻避型环境群体事件的治理能力和效果。

   本文聚焦于政府回应差异，解释为什么同样对于邻避型环境群体事件，地方政府存在妥协型和渐进型这两种不同的回应模式，深入探讨地方政府进行回应选择的影响因素。以20个邻避型环境群体事件为基础，从“动机—能力”理论框架出发，构建项目利益指向、上级政府立场、事件严重程度、媒体关注度、公民参与程度、政府部门联动、社会组织动员7个解释变量，利用多值集定性比较分析方法，形成妥协型回应和渐进型回应的11条路径并进行分析，得出影响政府回应差异的关键变量和主要条件组合。

    经过研究，主要得出以下结论：第一，地方政府对邻避型环境群体事件中的回应差异是追求利益、规避问责风险、沟通协调能力、资源整合能力四个维度下多重组合因素产生的结果。第二，政府追求利益的价值偏好影响其回应选择的动机水平。相比于单一效益，面对具备双重效益项目的群体事件，由于自利性和公共性的双重吸引，导致地方政府更倾向于选择渐进型回应；而同样是单一效益，对于回应拉动地方财政的经济效益项目比公共福利项目的动机水平更高。第三，问责风险的高低是政府选择不同回应类型的核心条件。第四，政府的沟通协调能力对于回应形式具有核心的关键作用，限制其回应行为的选择。第五，垂直应援和横向整合是政府选择渐进型回应的两种机制类型。

    为了优化地方政府对邻避型环境群体事件的回应，需要在动机上进行转变，在能力上进行提高。首先，要转变治理邻避型环境群体事件“维稳式管控”动机；其次，需要改进绩效考核办法，完善指标评价体系；再次，利用信息网络技术提升政府沟通协调能力，提供公民参与的制度和渠道保障；最后，发挥社会力量资源优势，实现多元治理。

     With the acceleration of China’s urbanization process and the enhancement of residents’ awareness of rights, the frequency of NIMBY environmental group events is increasing. In the face of Nimby environmental group events, local governments can hardly escape the weird circle of “project implementation-public opposition-government repression-escalation of conflicts- stop construction and compromise”. Exploring the key factors influencing the difference in government response to different NIMBY environmental group events and clarifying the selection process of government response strategies can optimize and improve the government’s response in the face of such events, and better enhance the government’s governance ability and effect for NIMBY environmental group events.

     Focusing on the difference of government response, this paper explains why the local government has two different response modes, namely compromise type and gradual type, for the NIMBY environmental group incident, and probes into the influencing factors of local government’s choice in the face of the incident. To 20 adjacent suspension type environmental group event data as the foundation, embarks from the theoretical framework “motivation-ability”, build the project interests, the government at a higher level position, degree of incident severity, media attention, the citizen participation, linkage to government departments, social organizations to mobilize the seven regressors, use of the multivalued integrates qualitative comparative analysis method, 11 paths of compromise response and progressive response are formed and analyzed, and the key variables and main combinations of conditions that influence the difference of government response are obtained.

     Through the research, the main conclusions are as follows: First, the differences in local governments’responses to NIMBY environmental group events are the results of multiple combination of factors in four dimensions, including the pursuit of interests, the avoidance of accountability risks, the ability of communication and coordination, and the ability of resource integration. Second, the value preference of the government in pursuit of interests affects its motivation level in response choice. Compared with the single benefit, the local government is more inclined to choose the gradual response because of the dual attraction of self-interest financial benefit and public performance when facing the project type resistance with dual benefits. For the same single benefit, the motivation level of the economic benefit project that responds to the pull of local finance is higher than that of the public welfare project. Third, the level of accountability risk is the core condition for the government to choose different response types. Fourth, the government’s communication and coordination ability plays a key role in the choice of response, which limits its choice of response behavior. Fifth, vertical response and horizontal integration are two types of mechanisms for the government to choose progressive response.

     In order to optimize the response of local governments to NIMBY environmental group events, it is necessary to change the motivation and improve the ability. First of all, the motivation of "maintaining stability control" should be changed in the governance of NIMBY environmental group events. Secondly, it is necessary to improve the performance assessment method and improve the index evaluation system. Thirdly, using information network technology to enhance the communication and coordination ability of the government, to provide institutional and channel guarantee for citizen participation; Finally, give full play to the advantages of social forces and resources to achieve multiple governance.