镉可以通过天然和人为两类不同来源释放到环境中，是一种会引起各种人体健康问题的有毒金属元素。为了对街尘中重金属镉可能引起的健康风险进行评估，本研究利用课题组2012年从吉林市中心的工业区采集的街尘样品，以及对样品的镉浓度的测定与分析结果进行进一步的健康风险评估。同时，对镉在中国和世界的空间分布进行了比较。通过样品分析，发现在工业区附近采集的街尘样品（如JL17和JL11）中，镉的浓度最大，分别达到3.9 μg/g 与2.3 μg/g。结果表明，石油化工、燃煤和汽车尾气是城市街尘中镉的主要来源。吉林市中心街尘对成人和儿童的健康都有潜在的健康风险。如果没有对工业活动产生的镉等重金属污染采取适当的控制措施，那么居住在吉林市区的成人和儿童将会有更大的健康风险。镉的空间分布表明，研究区城市街尘中镉的浓度远小于中国其他城市。高浓度镉的主要来源与工业活动和汽车排放有关。但土壤中的镉污染既包括天然源，如母岩的风化和侵蚀，也包括人为源，如肥料的施用和运输。世界其他地区的镉浓度很多远远高于吉林市中心，而且镉污染的主要来源与居民、工业和汽车排放有关。本研究表明，工业活动和汽车排放是吉林市中心和部分其他城市（中国和世界）街尘中镉污染的主要污染源。因此，应实施重大政策，发展无污染技术，以控制工业重金属的污染。

Cadmium (Cd) is one of the toxic metals released into the environment through various sources, both anthropogenic and natural sources and causes various health problems in the human being. To understand the health risk associated with dust containing Cd, the dust samples were collected from the central area of Jilin City, and these samples were analyzed for Cd concentration. Along with health risk assessment, the spatial distribution of Cd in China as well as in the world were also analyzed. Results show that the concentration of Cd in dust samples i.e. JL 17 and JL 11, collected from the proximity of the industrial areas were found to have the maximum Cd concentration 3.9 μg/g and 2.3 μg/g. It indicates that petroleum chemical refining, coal-burning industries, and vehicular emission are the major source of Cd in urban dust. There is a potential health risk linked with Cd pollution to human health of both adults and children, who exposed to urban dust in Jilin City Center. The human both adults and children residing in the urban areas of Jilin are at greater risk if such industrial activities continue without proper control measures on heavy metals pollution such as cadmium (Cd). The spatial distribution of Cd illustrates that the concentration of Cd in urban dust in the study area is much smaller than other cities of China. The main sources of higher concentration of Cd are linked with the industrial as well as vehicular emission. However, the main sources of Cd pollution in soil were both natural like parent rock weathering and erosion, and anthropogenic such as fertilizers application and transportation. The concentration of Cd in other parts of the world is almost much higher than Jilin City Center and the main sources of Cd pollution associated with residential, industrial and vehicular emissions. This study indicates that the industrial activities, and vehicular emission are the main sources of Cd pollution in the urban dust of Jilin City Center as well as in the selected cities (in China and in the world). Therefore, significant policies should be implemented and pollution free technologies should also be needed to establish to control the heavy metals pollution from industries.