随着现代信息技术的发展，图书馆的生存环境和服务对象发生了深刻而巨大的变化。只关注人、财、物的管理的图书馆管理方法已经无法满足现代图书馆管理实践的需要。而图书馆的社会性、依附性、中介性的特点决定了自身的生存和发展受到所依附的机构和所服务的用户的极大影响。这些机构、用户以及其他图书馆发展需要的组织和人群构成了图书馆的利益相关者群体。因此图书馆要实现生存和发展，必须要处理好与利益相关者的关系，满足利益相关者的需要。不同利益相关者对图书馆有不同的利益需求，因此图书馆必须针对不同的利益相关者群体开展符合其利益需求的工作。这不仅需要从思想上重视利益相关者，更要落实到图书馆管理的具体工作中。这就要求在图书馆管理中引入利益相关者理论。本文以Freeman的利益相关者理论为基础，结合高校图书馆的管理实践案例，探讨如何在图书馆管理中引入利益相关者理论。正文共六个部分。第一绪论部分说明了本项研究的背景、意义和研究方法，指明了图书馆管理引入利益相关者理论的必要性；第二部分概述了利益相关者理论的基本概念、分析框架以及目前在图书馆领域的应用，从理论层面介绍了该理论与图书馆管理结合的基础；第三部分提出基于图书馆管理实践的图书馆利益相关者管理流程；第四部分以高校图书馆Z馆为例对利益相关者管理理论和流程进行了实证分析，以验证该理论在图书馆管理实践中的可操作性；第五部分对理论在图书馆的应用前景和存在的问题进行了分析；第六部分为结语。研究表明，图书馆利益相关者管理理论能够有效地帮助图书馆管理者正确识别利益相关者，通过对利益相关者的需求分析，制定有针对性的工作策略。更重要的是，利益相关者管理流程能够将对利益相关者的管理和各基层业务部门的日常工作结合。通过明确责任人、制定工作计划、提供资源保障和明确评价机制等方法，实现图书馆对利益相关者的有效管理。最终保障高校图书馆的生存与发展。研究证实了图书馆利益相关者管理理论和流程对高校图书馆来说是一种有效的管理工具。由于已有的对利益相关者的研究主要集中在图书馆战略规划和评估层面的应用，缺少对图书馆日常管理的应用研究。因此本研究为目前的图书馆管理研究提出了一个新的视角。对于图书馆管理实践也具有一定的指导意义。

As modern information technology advances, library living environment and the scope of users have dramatically changed. The management methods only emphasizing human, financial, and material resources are not able to meet the needs of modern library management practice. The social, dependent, and intermediary features of library determine that the affiliated institutions and the users will greatly impact library’s survival and development. These institutions, users, and other interest groups related to library development are the stakeholders of library. In order to maintain and develop libraries, the managers should properly handle the relationship with stakeholders and meet their needs. Different stakeholders have different interests and needs; therefore libraries must carry out different tasks to meet the needs of different stakeholders, which require not only attention to stakeholders, but also implement of specific work in library management. Thus, it is necessary to apply stakeholder theory in library management.Guided by Freeman's Stakeholder Theory, this study explores how to apply the stakeholder theory in library management based on a case of academic library management practice. This paper consists of six parts. The first part describes the background of this study, the significance and research methods. Part II explains the basic concepts of stakeholder theory, the analytical framework and necessity of applying the framework in the library field, which introduces the theoretical foundation of applying the theory in library management. Part III proposes a Library Stakeholder Management Process, which may be able to meet the needs of practice library management. In Part IV, the researcher tests the feasibility of applying stakeholder management theory in library management based on the empirical analysis using the case of Academic Library Z. Part V analyzes the prospect of applying the theory in library management and potential problems. Part VI is the conclusion.This study shows that the Library Stakeholder Management Process can effectively help library managers correctly identify the stakeholders, and develop specific strategies through analyzing stakeholders' needs. Furthermore, the stakeholder management process could combine stakeholder management with the daily work of grass-root business sectors. It helps libraries to manage the relationships with stakeholders by clarifying responsible managers/staffs, developing work plans, providing resources and support mechanisms, and clarifying evaluation methods, which could guarantee the survival and development of academic library. This study supports that the Stakeholder Management Process is an effective management tool for academic library.The previous studies of applying stakeholder theory in library management focused on strategic planning and assessment, but few studies explore how to apply this theory in library daily management. This study fills the research gap, and also provides suggestions for library daily management practice.