随着互联网经济的不断发展，互联网群像关系网络越发多元，电子商务平台的用户积累量也愈发庞大。以用户服务协议为纽带，平台与用户之间正逐渐形成一种“深度绑定”的关系。在互联网经济中，电商平台与用户签订的服务协议是具有持续性、长期性的电子格式条款。基于互联网“一对众”的商业模式，平台因政策变更、业务优化等现实需要，在服务协议中设置单方变更条款具有一定的正当性与合理性。但单方变更权的设定实际上是将用户对于变更合同条款的意思表示的权利预先让渡给平台方，这也导致电子格式条款的单方变更的合意不足。

基于个体与互联网的深入融合，平台的“私权力”随着网络服务的升级不断膨胀，电子商务平台相对用户的绝对优势地位正在凸显。在我国司法实践中，法院普遍认可平台单方变更条款的设置模式。但规制单方变更权的《民法典》《电子商务法》等相关法律规定并未全面适应互联网经济发展的情况，出现了平台单方变更权的规制法规不完善、司法裁判效果不佳等问题。如何有效防止平台滥用“私权力”，充分保障消费者用户的合法权益，探索单方变更权的合理边界，是当前互联网生态治理的重要议题之一。

在全面梳理我国单方变更权的立法现状与司法实践的基础上，结合域外实践经验，厘清我国电商平台单方变更权规制存在的问题，有助于为探索单方变更权规制的合理边界提供针对性建议。第一章介绍电子商务平台单方变更权的基本理论，梳理单方变更权的概念内涵与主要特征，分析单方变更条款的效力与现实必要性。第二章从单方变更权的立法规制与司法实践角度切入，从立法概况、规制结构、立法不足详细阐述了我国关于电商平台单方变更权的立法分布情况。在司法实践部分，以典型案例为指引，通过对相关司法案例的整理，总结归纳出单方变更权纠纷的争议焦点与裁判不足。第三章论述单方变更权的域外实践，主要从程序规制、内容规制与退出救济三个部分展开，对强披露模式的变更程序、合理期待原则规制变更内容、解除与救济机制等内容进行论证。第四章从格式条款单方变更的订入规制、内容规制、退出与救济机制三个维度详细论述了适应我国国情的电商平台格式条款单方变更规制的优化路径。

With the continuous development of the Internet economy, the Internet group image relationship network is becoming more and more diversified, and the accumulation of users on e-commerce platforms is also increasing. With user service agreements as the link, a “deep binding” relationship is gradually forming between platforms and users. In the Internet economy, the service agreements signed by e-commerce platforms and users are continuous and long-term terms in electronic format. Based on the “one to many” business model of the Internet, it is legitimate and reasonable for platforms to set unilateral change clauses in user service agreements due to practical needs such as policy change and business optimization. However, the setting of unilateral modification right actually transfers the user’s right to express the intention of changing the contract terms to the platform party in advance, which also leads to the lack of agreement on unilateral modification of the electronic format terms.

Based on the deep integration of individuals and the Internet, the “private power” of platforms is expanding with the upgrading of network services, and the absolute dominance of e-commerce platforms over users is becoming prominent. In China’s judicial practice, courts generally recognize the setting mode of unilateral alteration clauses on platforms. However, the Civil Code, E-commerce Law, Network Security Transaction Law and other relevant legal provisions that regulate the unilateral alteration right of the platform have not fully adapted to the development of the Internet economy, resulting in problems such as imperfect regulations on the unilateral alteration right of the platform and poor judicial effect. How to effectively prevent the abuse of “private power” by platform profits, fully protect the legitimate rights and interests of consumers and users, and explore the reasonable boundary of unilateral change right are one of the important issues in the current Internet ecological governance.

On the basis of comprehensively sorting out the legislative status and judicial practice of unilateral alteration right in China, and combining with foreign practical experience, this paper clarifies the problems existing in the regulation of unilateral alteration right on China’s e-commerce platforms, which is helpful to provide targeted suggestions for exploring the reasonable boundary of the regulation of unilateral alteration right. Chapter one introduces the basic theory of unilateral change right of e-commerce platform, combs the concept connotation and main characteristics of unilateral change right, and analyzes the effectiveness and practical necessity of unilateral change clause. From the perspective of legislative regulation and judicial practice of unilateral alteration right, chapter two elaborates the legislative distribution of unilateral alteration right of e-commerce platform in our country from the perspective of legislative overview, regulation structure and legislative deficiency. In the part of judicial practice, guided by typical cases, through the sorting of relevant judicial cases, this paper summarizes the dispute focus of unilateral change right disputes and the deficiency of judgment. The third chapter discusses the practice of unilateral change right outside the territory, mainly from the content regulation, procedure regulation and withdrawal relief three parts, the reasonable expectation principle regulation change content, strong disclosure mode change procedure, rescission and relief mechanism and other contents are demonstrated. Chapter four discusses in detail the optimization path of unilateral alteration regulation of format clause on e-commerce platforms that adapts to the situation of our country from three dimensions: entry regulation, content regulation, withdrawal and relief mechanism.