伴随着移动互联网和5G先进技术的飞速发展，网络视频成为了人们生活中必不可少的一部分，其中尤以兼具社交属性和内容属性的短视频平台日益火爆。行业的飞速发展与流量的激增势必会导致合规风险的出现，短视频的内容以及引流效果对他人知识产权造成侵害在近些年屡见不鲜。目前学界在该问题上的主要研究方向为短视频侵犯著作权的情形，专利间接侵权的研究相对较少，这也符合法律研究与实务相结合的原则。虽然平台间接侵犯他人专利权的案例远少于著作权侵权，但随着推荐算法、直播带货等新型引流方式的出现，短视频引发专利纠纷也势必会更多的出现在大众视野中。本文的主旨是以平台类型化为解决思路，通过对短视频平台的法律属性进行归类，进而推导出不同类型业务场景下平台的注意义务程度、归责原则以及通知规则的适用，从而避免纠纷解决流于形式，出现裁判僵化、规则一刀切适用的问题，合理规制平台责任，平衡产业发展与权利保护。

第一章总体采取从普通到特殊的分析思路，首先分别对近三年网络服务平台和短视频平台的专利侵权纠纷进行梳理和研究，发现涉短视频平台的专利侵权案件正在逐年成指数倍增长。同时在司法实践中也存在结案以撤诉为主、通知规则适用频率低、平台往往不承担责任的现象，虽然案件总体数量在平台知识产权纠纷中占比不高，但增长趋势与存在的问题值得我们关注。之后该章在第二节对短视频平台专利间接侵权责任的理论基础和构成要件进行论述，并对短视频平台中常见的潜在发生专利间接侵权场景进行了归纳与梳理，也为下文类型化认定平台地位和责任做好铺垫。

第二章承接上文的现状分析和责任基础，对短视频平台在专利间接侵权责任认定中存在的困境与问题进行论述，总体包括三大方面。第一类问题主要由短视频平台自身特殊属性导致，如法律地位因业务线繁杂而不能一刀切认定，推荐算法会对平台注意义务提出新的挑战，此外短视频特殊的盈利方式也易导致平台处理不公。第二类问题主要围绕网络环境下专利侵权认定存在技术鸿沟以及平台注意义务边界不明这两点展开。第三点针对通知规则在短视频平台间接侵权中存在的适用问题进行论述，体现在规则能否适用于短视频平台以及专利侵权领域，配套制度与措施种类的缺乏亟待完善。

第三章从责任认定的逻辑起点出发，探究平台的法律属性。短视频平台作为一种新型网络服务提供者，有必要从理论与实践两个层面对既往的分类与认定思路进行梳理。通过分析域内外的界定方法，以及“云服务器案”和“微信小程序案”中司法机关对新型网络服务提供者的处理思路，更加明确了我们应在既有法律规定的基础上，结合技术、服务、行业等多方面因素，对平台的法律属性进行归类，并依据归类判定其应负的注意义务，从而认定是否承担侵权责任。之后在对短视频平台的服务以及盈利模式进行梳理后，结合常见分类方法中的参考因素，采用阶梯化的分类方式对短视频平台的法律属性进行系统的认定。在第一层按照平台的业务类型将其划分为引流型与交易型。在第二阶层以内容参与度为纵坐标，技术管领力为横坐标构建“技术-内容”光谱，采用四象限为短视频平台进行二次分类。通过阶梯化的分类方式，基本覆盖了可能发生专利间接侵权的情形，解决了短视频平台因业务繁杂而导致的主体认定不清晰问题。

第四章根据上文的分类方式，提出类型化责任完善路径。即在阶梯化认定主体地位的基础上探究影响注意义务的因子。笔者选取平台法律属性、直接经济利益以及侵权客体作为影响因子，最终推导出短视频平台注意义务公式，该公式从范围以及程度两个层面进行耦合，较为合理的为各类型平台设定了与之匹配的注意义务。同时也提出了对通知规则的改造适用建议，包含依据通知的类型对事中审核义务进行递进化设置和必要措施的类型化设定。前者主要指平台在收到通知后，先进行初步审查，排除明显不合理后进行形式审查。对符合要件的再进行实质审查，并根据实审得出的侵权可能性采取不同的必要措施。后者指的是在类型化认定平台责任的基础上，必要措施也应根据不同类型下注意义务的不同而具体设定，并依托短视频企业的技术优势，丰富必要措施“武器库”。

With the rapid development of mobile internet and 5G advanced technology, online video has become an essential part of people's life, especially the short video platform which has both social and content attributes is becoming increasingly popular. The rapid development of the industry and the surge of traffic will inevitably lead to compliance risks, and the content of short videos and the diversion effect of infringement of others' intellectual property rights have been common in recent years. At present, the main research direction of the academic community on this issue is the infringement of copyright in short videos, and the research of indirect patent infringement is relatively small, which is also in line with the principle of combining legal research and practice. Although the cases of indirect infringement of others' patent rights by platforms are far less than copyright infringement, with the emergence of recommendation algorithms, live streaming with goods and other new attraction methods, patent disputes arising from short videos are also bound to appear more often in the public view. The main theme of this paper is to take platform typology as the solution idea, by categorizing the legal attributes of short video platform, and then deducing the degree of platform's duty of care, imputation principle and application through rules under different types of business scenarios, so as to avoid dispute resolution in a formal way, the problem of rigid adjudication and one-size-fits-all application of rules, reasonably regulating platform responsibility and balancing industrial development and rights protection.

The first chapter adopts the general to special analysis idea, firstly, combing and studying the patent infringement disputes of network service platform and short video platform respectively in the past three years, and finding that the patent infringement cases involving short video platform are increasing exponentially year by year. At the same time, in judicial practice, there are also phenomena that the settlement of cases is mainly withdrawn, the frequency of application of notification rules is low, and the platform often does not take responsibility. Although the overall number of cases does not account for a high proportion of platform intellectual property disputes, the growth trend and the existing problems deserve our attention. After that, the chapter discusses the theoretical basis and constitutive elements of patent indirect infringement liability of short video platform in Section 2, and summarizes and sorts out the scenarios of potential patent indirect infringement commonly occurring in short video platform, which also paves the way for the following typology to determine the status and liability of the platform.

Chapter 2 follows the above analysis of the current situation and the basis of liability, and discusses the dilemmas and problems of short video platforms in the determination of liability for indirect patent infringement, including three major aspects in general. The first category of problems is mainly caused by the special attributes of the short video platform itself, such as the legal status cannot be determined across the board due to the complicated business lines, the recommendation algorithm will put forward new challenges to the platform's duty of care, in addition to the special profitability of short video is also easy to lead to unfair treatment of the platform. The second category of issues mainly revolves around the technical gap in the determination of patent infringement in the network environment and the unclear boundary of the platform's duty of care. The third point discusses the application of notice rules in the indirect infringement of short video platforms, which is reflected in the applicability of the rules to short video platforms and patent infringement, and the lack of supporting systems and types of measures to be improved.

The third chapter explores the legal attributes of the platform from the logical starting point of liability determination. As a new type of network service provider, it is necessary to sort out the previous classification and identification ideas from both theoretical and practical levels. By analyzing the definition methods inside and outside the region, as well as the judicial authority's treatment of new network service providers in the "cloud server case" and the "WeChat applet case", it is clearer that we should combine technology, service and industry on the basis of the existing legal provisions to determine the legal attributes of the platform. Based on the existing legal provisions, we should combine technology, service, industry and other factors to categorize the legal attributes of the platform, and determine its duty of care based on the categorization, so as to determine whether to bear the responsibility of infringement. After that, after sorting out the services and profit models of short video platforms, the legal attributes of short video platforms are systematically determined by using a stepped classification method by combining the reference factors in common classification methods. In the first tier the platform is classified into diversion type and transaction type according to its business type. In the second level, the "technology-content" spectrum is constructed by taking content participation as the vertical coordinate and technology management as the horizontal coordinate, and the short video platforms are classified in four quadrants. The laddered classification basically covers the situations in which indirect patent infringement may occur, and solves the problem of unclear identification of subjects caused by the complicated business of short video platforms.

Chapter 4 proposes a typological responsibility improvement path based on the above classification. That is, the factors affecting the duty of care are explored on the basis of the stepwise identification of the status of the subject. The author selects the legal attributes of the platform, direct economic interests and infringing objects as the influencing factors, and finally deduces the formula of duty of care for short video platforms, which is coupled from two levels of scope as well as degree, and sets the matching duty of care for each type of platform in a more reasonable way. At the same time, it also proposes the application of the modification of the notification rules, including the evolutionary setting of the duty of care and the typology of necessary measures based on the type of notification. The former mainly refers to the preliminary review of the platform after receiving the notice, and the formal review after excluding the obvious unreasonable. Those that meet the elements are then reviewed substantively and different necessary measures are taken according to the infringement possibility derived from the actual review. The latter refers to the typology of the platform's responsibility based on the necessary measures should also be set according to the different types of different obligations of care, and rely on the technical advantages of short video enterprises, to enrich the necessary measures "arsenal".