现代独语体散文作为散文的一个重要种类，在中国散文发展史上理应占据重要地位，然而目前对其研究尚存在不足。所谓独语体散文，就是采用独白的叙述方式,以抒情主人公“我”梦呓般的叙述，将作者的孤独气质和自身的生命体验融入其中，表达孤独寂寞情绪的一类散文。本文主要从现代独语体散文的创作情况和发展阶段、主要内容、艺术特点及其出现的原因等方面入手，力图对现代独语体散文进行系统的研究。绪论中对现代独语体散文的研究现状进行了分析，认为对独语体散文的研究主要分为综合研究、个案研究和比较研究，成就最为突出的是个案研究，主要集中在对鲁迅和何其芳独语体散文的研究上。根据创作的基本情况，可以将现代独语体散文的发展分为初创期和高潮期两个阶段，并重点考察了鲁迅的《野草》的写作和《苦闷的象征》对于独语体散文创作的重要意义。现代独语体散文作品众多，笔者根据各自艺术特点，将其大致分为冥想型独语体散文、往事回忆型独语体散文和故事型独语体散文。 独语体散文关注的是生命主题，书写的是生命的记忆，具体说来包括三方面：生命、死亡、梦。作家的生命体验被融入到独语体散文的创作中，正是作者创伤性体验的融入使得独语体散文具有了自传色彩。“死亡”是独语体散文中常常涉及到的内容，本文考察了《野草》中的死亡，认为可以分为：特殊意象的死亡和想象中“我”的死亡。“梦”也是独语体散文表达作者生命感悟的重要形式。关于独语体散文的艺术特色则主要从抒情主体、文体形式、诗化语言、独特的意象等四方面入手来进行分析。独语体散文大多有抒情主人公“我”的出现，也有一部分独语体散文则选择第二人称“你”作为抒情主人公。独语体散文常常需要采用一些特殊的文体形式，比如书信和日记。独语体散文的诗化语言主要表现在独特的意象和对于诗词的引用两方面。独语体散文中的意象，可以分为空间意象和时间意象两种，空间意象包括：旷野、路等，具有“辽远”的特点，时间意象则大多具有过去时态，如黄昏、黑夜、梦等。独语体散文之所以会出现，主要由于四方面原因：作者自我情绪的表达、独特的个人气质、特定的时代因素和各种文学传统的影响。

The modern monologue prose, as an important kind of prose, should play a very important role in the history of Chinese prose development. However, there is weakness in the cureent study of it. The so-called monologue prose is a kind of prose that through the monologue narrative way and the lyric protagonist I’s dreamlike narrative, the writer integrates his lonely temperament and his own life experience into the prose, and expresses the lonely and solitary emotion. This article tries to do a systematic study of modern Monologue Prose from the following five aspects: its composing condition, development stage, main content, artistic characteristics and the reasons of its appearance.The introduction analyses the study status quo of modern monologue prose. In this part, the study of monologue prose is divided into comprehensive study, case study and comparative study. The case study has obtained the most prominent achievements, which mainly concentrates on the study of Lu Xun and He Qifang’s Monologue Prose.According to the basic condition of monologue prose composition, modern monologue prose is divided into two stages: newly established period and climax period. Meanwhile, the author mainly explores the important significance of Lu Xun’s Weeds and his translation of The Symbol of Depression to monologue prose composition. There are numerous modern monologue prose works. According to their own artistic characteristics, the modern monologue prose is divided into meditation type, recollect the past type and story type.What monologue prose pays close attention to is the life theme. What monologue prose writes is the memory of life. Specificly speaking, it includes three aspects: life, death, and dream. The author’s life experience is integrated into the composition of monologue prose. It is the author’s traumatic experience that makes the monologue prose have autobiographical color. “Death” is what monologue prose often refers to. This article explores the death in Weeds, which is divided into special image death and “I”’s death imaginarily. “Dream” is also the form that monologue prose expresses the author’s life experience.As to monologue prose’s artistic characteristics, the author analyses mainly from four aspects: its lyric main body, stylistic form, poetic language, and unique image. monologue prose. Most of the monologue prose use “I” as lyric protagonist and some choose second person “you” as lyric protagonist. Monologue prose often uses some special writing ways, among which letters and diaries are important forms. Monologue prose’s poetic language is mainly manifested in special image and quotation of poetry. The image in monologue prose can be divided into space image and time image. Space image includes open field, road, etc, which have “unlimited and distant” characteristic. Time iamge mostly has the past tense, such as dusk, night, dream and so on.As to the reasons of monologue prose’s appearance, there are four aspects: the expression of author’s own emotion, unique personal temperament, specific era factor and the influence of various kinds of literature tradition.