本项研究是关于性别与乡土社会的社会关系网络的建构与维持的研究。本文以鲁东南一个普通的小村落纪村作为田野调查地点，试图通过对纪村礼物交换的田野调查，从性别视角出发，考察在乡土社会的人际关系网络建构与维持过程中女性的地位、角色及其能动性作用，重点考察这些女性如何在现有的习俗规约的制约下能动地建构属于家庭及自我的人际关系网。除绪论之外，正文部分共分6章。第2章是对田野地点的描述，包括纪村的空间布局、经济发展与社会生活节奏的变迁以及对纪村女性日常生活的剖析，借此勾勒纪村日常生活的社会边界。第3章主要考察在乡土社会中，传统的女性性别角色规范在礼物的交换中是如何被生产与再生产的。通过此考察女性是如何同礼物交换紧密联系在一起的。第4、5、6章是本文的主体部分，笔者力图打破以往的宗族研究范式，转而从女性的立场出发，从实践层面上集中考察了女性如何建构并维持其同娘家、婆家以及邻里关系的，以此来发现女性在乡土社会的社会关系网络的建构中所起的能动性作用。第7章则考察了在婚姻交换中，不同的参与主体，尤其是新娘、新娘的母亲以及新娘的婆婆如何在其中发挥作用。通过对纪村的田野研究，笔者得出以下结论：1.核心家庭的普遍存在在很大程度上刺激了女性在乡土社会的社会网络建构中积极性的发挥。2. 乡土社会的社会关系网络的建构与维持表现出明显的女性偏重色彩。3.尽管女性在乡土社会的社会关系网络建构中起着举足轻重的作用，但其行为仍然受儒家的伦理框架的制约。

This study is about the relationship of gender and rural social construction. In this paper, Ji Village, an ordinary village in Southeastern of Shandong Province is chosen as the place for fieldwork. From the perspective of gender, the author tries to show rural women’s status, roles and their agency in the construction and maintenance of social relationship through the research of the gift exchange in Ji Village, especially focusing on how women construct and maintain the relationship which belongs to their families as well as themselves under the restriction of traditional customs. Besides the preface, the body part of this article is divided into six chapters: The second chapter is a description of the field sites, including the spatial distribution of Ji Village, development of economy and changes in social life as well as recording the daily life of rural women, which are used to outline the social boundaries of everyday life. Mainly in the third chapter, the author analyzes, in the local community, how the traditional female role norms are produced and reproduced in gift exchange, through which to explore how women are closely linked with gift exchange. The fourth, fifth and sixth chapters are the main part of this article, and the author tries to break the previous paradigm, and turn to the female point of view, from a practical level, to analyze how women construct and maintain their relationship with their natal families, their mother-in-law’s families, and their neighbors, so that to find women’s agent roles in rural social construction. Chapter seventh examines the roles of different subjects, especially the bride, the mother of the bride and the bride's mother in law play in the exchange of marriage. Through the fieldwork in Ji Village, the author draws the following conclusions: 1. The prevalence of nuclear families in the largely rural society to stimulate the women’s agency in the construction of social networks. To a certain extent, family is the most important part in rural woman’s life. 2. The construction and maintenance of Local social network show obvious femininity. 3. Although women plays an important role in construction and maintain in local social network, but their behaviors are still subjected to the constraints of Confucian ethical framework.