随着经济和社会的快速发展，气候问题越来越成为人们关注的焦点。在全球性气候逐渐变暖的今天，为了更有效率的节约能源，保护环境，无论是发达国家，或是发展中国家都在积极寻求各种途径节能减排，走绿色低碳发展的道路。中国作为发展中大国，人口众多，资源消耗巨大。面对如此巨大的能源环境压力，光靠市场这只手是远远不够的，为了避免市场失灵，政府作为“看得见的手”，应该承担起应有的责任，在绿色低碳发展中积极发挥宏观调控作用，预防和减少资源浪费和环境污染。因此，绿色低碳发展政府责任的研究具有重要的理论和现实意义。本论文共分为五个部分：第一章是绪论部分，首先简单阐述了提出研究绿色低碳发展过程当中的政府责任这一论题的背景和重要意义，并对国内外相关研究进行了简单的梳理，然后介绍了论文当中所涉及的概念以及要用到的理论基础，包括低碳经济理论，外部性理论，政府规制理论等，同时介绍了本论文采用的研究思路和方法并总结了本论文的创新和不足。第二章讨论了绿色低碳发展过程当中出现的市场失灵现象。虽然市场作为一只“看不见的手”，在绿色低碳发展过程当中起到了很重要的作用，但市场也会出现失灵。为纠正市场失灵，政府就被赋予了相应的责任，具体来看包括法制完善责任，经济调节责任，行政管理责任以及道德建设责任四项责任。第三章首先描述了我国政府对绿色低碳发展的贡献和存在的问题：我国实施改革开放以来，中国的经济飞速发展，但同时也带来了严重的环境问题，包括能源浪费和自然环境的污染等，严重威胁着人类的生存；接着阐述了中国政府为了改善环境问题，在绿色低碳发展领域做出的显著贡献，然后本文讨论了绿色低碳发展领域的“政府失灵”。虽然在绿色低碳发展的过程当中，政府扮演着非常重要的角色，但政府并不是万能的，也会出现责任缺失的情况。为解决这些问题，政府需要从其他国家借鉴好的经验。第四章通过讨论其他国家在绿色低碳发展过程中采取的措施，更好的从中吸取经验和教训，弥补我国政府责任的缺失，选取的研究对象主要包括美国，英国，日本和韩国。最后在考察我国目前绿色低碳发展现状的基础上，通过借鉴国外的经验教训，对我国政府在绿色低碳发展中应承担的责任提出了解决市场失灵和政府失灵对策建议。本文将绿色低碳发展与政府责任相结合进行研究，按照提出问题、分析问题和解决问题的思路，从绿色低碳领域的市场失灵入手，引出政府责任的必要性，接着从法制完善，经济调节，行政管理以及道德建设四个方面来具体阐述绿色低碳发展中政府应承担的责任，以及我国在绿色低碳发展过程当中政府责任的缺失，最后从国外汲取经验，解决政府失灵，完善政府责任。

With the rapid development of the economy and society, climate problems are attracting publics’ attention. Being global warming today, in order to save energy effectively and protect environment, not only developed countries but also developing countries are trying to find effect ways of energy conservation and emission reduction and step forward to the path of green low carbon development. As a big developing country, China has a large number of people and resource consumption. Under such a large pressure, It is not enough to depend on marketing. So in order to avoid market failure, government, as another hand, should undertake its due responsibility, positively affect macro-economic control and prevent and reduce energy waste and environment pollution. Therefore, the research about the responsibility of government in the process of green low carbon development is significantly important.The thesis can be divided into five parts:The first chapter is introduction. Firstly, it elaborates the background and significance of the topic that the government responsibility in green low carbon development and teases out the related studies domestic and abroad. Then it introduces the concept and theoretical basis, including low carbon economy theory, externality theory, government regulation theory and so on. At the same time, the thesis introduces the research approach and ideas and summarizes its innovation and disadvantage.The second chapter discusses the market failure in the development of green low carbon. Although market, as an invisible hand, is very important, market still will be failure. In order to rectify the market failure, government is give the concerned responsibility, including the responsibility of legal institution improvement, the responsibility of economic regulation, the responsibility of public administration and the responsibility of moral construction.The third chapter describes the current situation of green low carbon development in our country firstly: After reform and open, economy in China maintains rapid development, which also produce serious environment problem, including energy waste and natural environment pollution, and seriously threat the survive of citizens. Then the thesis elaborates the contribution of Chinese government to reduce environment problems and then discuss the government failure in the area of green low carbon development. Although government plays a significant role in the development of low carbon development, it is not omnipotent and the lack of government responsibility will also happen. In order to solve this problem, government will need to learn others’ experience from other countries.The forth chapter discusses about the measures that other countries take during the development of green low carbon, where our government can learn experience. It makes up the lack of government responsibility. Research object includes America, Britain, Japan and Korea. Finally, on the basis of investigating the current situation in our country and through learning lessons from other countries, the thesis gives some suggestions in the solution of market failure and government failure during the development of green low carbon. The thesis combines the development of green low carbon and government responsibility. According to the idea of posing a question, then analyzing the question and finally solve the question, it introduces the necessary of government responsibility by begining with market failure. Then it elaborates the government responsibility of low carbon development from four aspects including legal institution improvement, economic regulation, public administration and moral construction. At last It learns experience from other countries to solve government failure and improve the responsibility of government.