当前，随着我国市场经济的繁荣发展，社会融资需求量也不断增大。在此背景下，发放高利贷行为也在全国范围内呈现加剧发展趋势并表现出了许多新的特点，比如放贷主体多元化、操作手段更加隐蔽、涉及资金数额不断增大、利率持续走高等，特别是当前频发的因高利贷索债引发的非法拘禁、故意伤害等刑事案件，更使得发放高利贷行为对我国正常的经济秩序和社会稳定产生了重大危害，在社会各界引起了广泛关注。高利贷的繁殖与蔓延确实有深层次背景和原因，在承认高利贷在一定程度上具有弥补当前正规金融信贷资金不足、缓解中小企业资金需求压力功能的同时，也必须高度重视由发放高利贷行为而引发的社会经济问题。但由于当前我国的刑事法律从未对发放高利贷行为的责任追究机制做出明确的规定，这便造成司法实践中对发放高利贷行为的处理方式也一直处于混乱状态。因此，为了维护正常的经济秩序，保障社会稳定，如何对其进行法律规制特别是刑法上的规制，愈发成为一个亟待解决的问题。然而，无论是理论界还是司法实务界对此都存在不同意见，特别是在是否对发放高利贷行为动用刑罚方面还存在着较大分歧。正是基于此，本文便从理论分析和现实考察入手，试图全面、深入、细致的分析和研究在刑法中单独设立“发放高利贷罪”的必要性和可行性，以期能够达到深化对发放高利贷行为进行刑事规制的理解，为司法实践中控制、惩治和预防发放高利贷行为提供理论参考和指导以及完善我国刑法体系、弥补刑法空白的目的。论文由五个部分组成。第一部分，我国发放高利贷行为的现状。笔者从发放高利贷行为的主体、手段及放贷金额等方面总结出当前我国发放高利贷行为的现状。第二部分，我国发放高利贷行为的立法和司法现状及其存在问题。在这一部分中，笔者首先介绍了我国发放高利贷行为的立法现状，并分析总结出其存在的问题及不足。其次，通过对比分析2003年前后几个处理结果大相径庭并在社会上引起广泛关注的具有代表性的发放高利贷案件，指出司法实务界在打击发放高利贷行为时无法可依的尴尬境地。第三部分，境外对发放高利贷行为的刑法规制现状。本部分通过重点考察和分析其他国家和地区对发放高利贷行为进行刑罚制裁的法律规定，并结合我国当前发放高利贷行为的发展现状，指出其对我国使用刑法规制发放高利贷行为的借鉴意义。第四部分，我国对发放高利贷行为实行刑法规制的根据。笔者首先对当前理论界与司法实务界关于发放高利贷行为怎样进行规制以及是否进行刑法规制的不同观点进行了对比分析并指出其存在的问题，然后阐述了从适应社会经济发展需求，维护正常的社会经济秩序，保障刑事司法统一性、维护司法权威的角度出发，对发放高利贷行为适用刑法规制是确有必要的。第五部分，增设“发放高利贷罪”的立法设计。本部分主要阐述了在刑法分则中增设“发放高利贷罪”的立法构想，并具体分析了“发放高利贷罪”的条文设计，以及本罪的单位主体、入罪标准、法定型设置等问题。

Currently,with the rapid development of the market economy,there's an increasing demand for social financing.Under this background, the usury has presented a booming tendency of development.Besides,it also showed more and more new features.For instance,the diversification of the lending body,the means of usury becoming more subtle,the amount of money is increasing, the interest rates of usury continuing to rise and so on.In addition, the behavior of the recoursing the usury is liable to bring about many criminal cases as illegal detention and intentional injury. So,the usury is harm to the normal social financial order and the stability of social order seriously.It has aroused wide public concern. There were deeply causes of the prosperity of usury,on the one hand, we must see that the usury has played an important role in alleviating the pressure of strong demanding for funds during the growth process of sme to a certain degree.on the other hand,we must also pay great attention to the serious social and economic problems triggered by usury. However,we can hardly find the rules about the punishment of the usury in the criminal law. Then,in the judicial practice,the punishment of usury was always in a mess.And therefore,it is an urgent problem to be solved that taking criminal law regulation on the usury to maintain social and economic order .However,there are many different views on this problem between the academic and the judiciary.Based on this,from the perspective of theoretical analysis and reality inspection,a comprehensive,in-depth,detailed analysis is be taked to explore the necessity and feasibility of establishing "the usury crime " in the criminal law,in order to achieve the purpose of deepening the understanding of problems of regulation usury in criminal acts,and providing a theoretical reference and guidance for judicial practice to control,punishment and prevent the usury.And also it is help to improve our ctiminal law system and make up for gaps in the Penal Code.This paper is divided into five parts. Part one,the present situation of usury.The body of the usury and the amount of the usury was analyzed and the present situation of usury was summarized.Part two,the status of criminal regulation on usury currently.In this part,the author point out the status and problems of regulating the usury in legislation and judicial practice by the comparative analysis of the different outcomes of the typically usury case circa 2003.Part three,the status of criminal regulation on usury in the outside.In this part,the author analysis the awkward position that there is no legal basis for fighting against the usury for judicial practice.The third part introduce the rules of other countries and regions on punishing usury in criminal law,and point out the significance of criminal regulation on usury for us.Part four,the basis of taking criminal regulation on the usury.In the fourth part,the author firstly contrastive analysis all kinds of viewpoints on the way of regulating usury,and then elaborate the necessity of taking criminal regulation on the usury,for the purpose of being suitable for the development of economy and protecting the stability of social order and the authority of the justice.Part five,the legislative proposals to add the"the usury crime".The last part, the author put forward some suggestions on the addition of "the usury crime"in detal,and also analysis some problems of the usury crime,such as the subjects and the standards of constituting and punishing the usury crime.