颅面复原是一种对人类的颅骨进行面部容貌复原的技术，该技术以人类学、法医学、解剖学中的头骨与面貌相互关系规律为科学依据，广泛应用于考古、刑侦等领域。其中颅骨配准是计算机辅助的三维颅面复原技术的重要内容之一，颅骨配准的准确与否会直接影响到将来颅面复原的准确性。同时，如何对复原后的三维颅面模型进行微调，即向用户提供直观与高效的编辑与变形方式，方便地修改三维人脸模型一直是增强复原颅面真实感的重要研究内容，也是人们多年来一直努力的目标。本文主要以人类学关于颅骨和面貌的相关性理论为依据，在自动标定颅骨特征点的基础上将CPD(Coherent Point Drift)算法应用到颅骨自动配准中从而实现颅面复原。最后，实现了基于B样条的三维人脸模型局部变形。本文的主要研究内容包括：1.三维颅骨模型获取。研究使用VIVID910扫描系统获取三维颅骨模型的步骤，并简单介绍了每个步骤，最后给出扫描结果，随后使用polyworks对扫描的数据进行拼接、融合、建网及数据的后处理（去噪、补洞），最终得到待复原颅骨模型。2.颅骨自动配准算法。首先研究了颅骨特征点的手动和自动标定方式，提出了一种自动提取颅骨特征点的方法。在此基础上，通过分析目前国内外流行的颅骨配准算法，比较了这些算法的复杂性、精确性和鲁棒性后，确定了ICP和CPD 作为颅骨配准的基础算法。实验表明该算法能有效提高颅骨配准的准确性并对缺损颅骨具有一定的鲁棒性。3.三维颅面复原。分析了目前国内外颅面复原的方法，确定使用目前使用比较广泛的基于颅骨配准的颅面复原方法，实现了对待复原颅骨的颅面复原。 4.三维颅面模型的局部变形与编辑。研究对复原后的颅面模型进行基于B样条的交互式局部网格变形与编辑，编辑方式包括：控制点及控制网格的平移、旋转及缩放，从而得到更加真实的颅面模型。5.系统设计与实现。结合颅面复原及变形的实际需要，开发实现了三维颅面复原及变形系统。具体实现了颅骨特征点的自动提取，颅骨自动配准，基于颅骨配准的颅面复原，三维颅面模型局部变形等。

Craniofacial reconstruction is a facial appearance restoration technology to the human skulls. The technology is on the scientific basis of the relationship of skull and face in Forensic, anthropology and anatomy. Skull registration is important in computer-aided 3D craniofacial reconstruction. Deformation of face models has been an important focus and goal for enhancing realism of face models. In the paper, the landmarks of skull automatically extracted, CPD (Coherent Point Drift) algorithm and face models deformation based on B-spline are applied in craniofacial reconstruction and deformation system. The main research includes：1.The acquisition of 3D skull model. Research on the method of acquiring skull model using the scanner VIVID910. Then, arrangement, fusion, mesh and processing are used to obtain the skull model for recovery.2.Skull automatic registration algorithm. Research on the feature points manual and automatic extraction method. On the basis, ICP and CPD are used to skull automatic registration algorithm. Experimental results demonstrate that the algorithm can effectively improve the accuracy and robustness of the skull registration.3.Craniofacial reconstruction. Analyze the Craniofacial reconstruction algorithm at home and abroad at present. This thesis uses the reconstruction method widely applied based on skull deformation to realize facial reconstruction.4.Deformation and edition of the 3D face model. Research on interactive and local deformation of facial model based on B-spline. Editing method include translation, rotation and zoom of control point and mesh.5.System design and implementation. We have built a computer-aided facial reconstruction and deformation system.