当前教育教学改革正处于不断深化的重要时期，发展素质教育，改进教学方式，提高课堂实效是提高义务教育质量的应然诉求。因此在初中道德与法治课中构建活动型学科课程,推动教学方式的转变和优化，是提高课堂质量、促进学生多方面综合发展的必然选择。本研究以最新文献研究成果为基础，综合课堂观察情况，通过问卷调查和实时访谈等方法调研目前活动型学科课程在初中道德与法治中的应用现状，分析当前教师教学中存在的实际问题，发现学生学习过程中的具体疑惑，多角度深入剖析导致这些问题的多种因素，最后针对不同方面的原因，结合具体教学实例提出有效的解决策略。

本文共分为四个部分。第一部分在综合最新理论研究成果的基础上概述了活动型学科课程的内涵和特征，区分活动型学科课程与活动课程、学科课程、活动教学等概念的不同。第二部分从现实角度分析论证了活动型学科课程在初中思政课堂中实施的意义，从课程本身、学生发展、教师成长三个方面论证活动型学科课程在初中应用的重要价值。第三部分论述当前初中实施活动型学科课程所面临的具体问题。依据课堂观察的结果、调查问卷的反馈、访谈内容的反映等对当前活动实施中的不当之处进行总结，并从学校、教师、学生、家长及社会资源等多个方面分析原因。第四部分联系教材内容，结合教学实例详细阐释了活动型学科课程在初中实施的有效策略。遵循教学规律，从活动设计、活动实施、活动评价、反思改进等四个方面总结应用原则和策略，结合教学实例提出具体的课程实施方法，致力于构建系统化、全方位、可操作的课程优化路径，以期为活动型学科课程在初中道德与法治中的应用和完善提供有效的借鉴经验和持续改进方向。

At present, the reform of education and teaching is in an important period of deepening, so it is necessary to improve the quality of compulsory education when developing quality-oriented education, improving teaching methods and improving classroom effectiveness.It is clearly pointed out that the development of quality-oriented education should be the orientation, optimizing teaching methods and improving the quality of classroom teaching. This paper investigates and analyzes the current situation of activity-based subject courses in middle school morality and rule of law courses through literature research, classroom observation, questionnaire survey and interview method. Further more, this paper summarizes the current problems of teachers’ and students’ learning during the teaching process, and analyzes the various factors that lead to these problems deeply. At last, this paper puts forward the corresponding improvement strategy according to the problems during the teaching.

This paper is composed of four parts.The first part summarizes the connotation and characteristics of activity-based subject curriculum. It clearly explains the difference between activity-based subject curriculum and activity-based curriculum activity teaching method.The second part elaborates the significance of the implementation of activity-based subject courses in the ideological and political classroom of junior high school from a realistic perspective, and demonstrates the important value of the application of activity-based subject courses in junior high school from three aspects: curriculum itself, student development and teacher growth.The third part analyzes the current problem that is how to the implement of activity-based subject courses in middle schools.This study analyzes the reasons from the aspects of schools, teachers, students, parents and social resources.The fourth part mainly explains the effective strategy of implementing activity-based subject curriculum in middle school. Firstly, follow the teaching rules. Then, summarize the application principles from four aspects that are activity design, activity implementation, activity evaluation, reflection and improvement. At the same time, the author put forward specific strategies combined with relevant teaching examples in order to construct a systematic, comprehensive and multi-angle curriculum optimization strategy. We hope to  provide effective reference and operational suggestions for the construction of efficient and active subject courses in the middle school morality and rule of law classes.