《說文解字》聲訓，指的是許慎在《說文》中運用音同、音近的詞而作的詞義說解。作為《說文》訓釋的有機組成部份，聲訓並非孤立的、脫離《說文》形音義系統而存在的。本文窮盡地以《說文》中的751條聲訓為研究對象，立足於《說文》學的形、音、義結合的系統思想，從聲訓與《說文》小篆構形系統的角度，考察《說文》聲訓與《說文》部首系統、《說文》六書之間的關係，探討《說文》聲訓和構意說解的關係，從而深入地研究聲訓在《說文》中的獨特價值和地位。第一章考察了《說文》聲訓的來源。在整體來源上，《說文》聲訓繼承了古文經學博學、務實的學風，也受到兩漢陰陽五行思想和正名思想的影響，以秦漢以來的訓詁學方法的發展為基礎，說解《說文》本字。從聲訓材料的具體來源上，本文稽考了《說文》聲訓與先秦兩漢的文獻訓詁、今古文經說、《方言》等轉語材料的源流關係，指出《說文》聲訓與秦漢訓詁學成果有深厚的淵源關係。第二章分析了《說文》聲訓的基本情況。在訓釋方式上，《說文》聲訓說解中含直訓267例，義界484例。《說文》聲訓以本字為說解對象，從反映的意義關係的角度，可以分為反映詞義關係的推源、系源的聲訓，反映文字現象的溝通異體字、後出分化字的聲訓，以及反映語音現象的方言轉語、合音詞、連綿詞的聲訓等。由於來源和意義關係的不同，聲訓與構意說解的關係也有所區別。就訓釋內容上，《說文》聲訓的被訓釋詞中，名詞所佔比例最多，聲訓主要從狀貌特徵、和名詞主體相關的動作的方面加以解釋。而動詞的聲訓，多是與動作狀態相關的系源聲訓，形容詞的聲訓很少。第三章論述了《說文》聲訓與《說文》部首系統的關係。《說文》聲訓主要集中在與古人思想、生活關係密切的名詞部首下，反映著經驗性、人文性的特點。對部首字而言，《說文》以部首的音義來源，闡明部首字的構意。對非部首字而言，《說文》從歸部、義界等方式，體現出與部首構意的一致性。無論是立訓還是歸部，《說文》聲訓都與《說文》部首系統緊密結合在一起。第四章從不同的構形模式出發，分別考察《說文》聲訓與象形、會意、形聲字的構意之間的聯繫。《說文》聲訓通過直接或者間接說明構件構意及其相互的組合關係，來闡明與象形字、會意字的構意關係；對形聲字的聲訓，在義符方面，通過同義符的直訓或與義符相關的義界聲訓說解其與部首構意的聯繫，在聲符方面，則通過聲符示源、聲符換讀等說明其與聲符的關係。第五章總結了《說文》聲訓在《說文》中的地位。在《說文》這部以部首為綱，以六書分析漢字結構，說解本義的纂集專書中，大部份的聲訓是語言聲訓，有少量的義理聲訓，前者為我們探討同源詞之間的音義關係提供了線索，而後者多來源於兩漢陰陽五行、今古文經說，雖不符合語言規律，仍與《說文》的構形說解一致，目的是爲了解釋其構形理據。在聲訓與《說文》釋義方面，從訓釋規律上，《說文》在吸收前代訓釋的基礎上，將直訓改造為與部首構意一致的義界聲訓，使之在脫離語境的纂集專書中，實現釋義的完整性。因此，在《說文》系統中，《說文》的聲訓，既是聲訓，也是特殊的形訓，具有說解音義來源和體現構意的雙重功能。最後，從漢字的造字理據和漢語的造詞理據的關係上來看，聲訓和形訓的一致，是由於詞的命名理據，來自於詞源意象，有一部份和視覺範疇有關，而有一些早期的象形字在漢字構形上和詞的取象一致，因此能用聲訓對其構意加以說解。從整體上說，無論是對單個詞的局部推源、系源，還是整體性的音義關係的闡明，《說文》的聲訓都是以文獻的本字本義為依據，體現構形、構意的詞義說解。這也是《說文》有別於隨文釋義、義理聲訓和《釋名》的獨特之處。

Sound gloss is a way which XuShen used in ShuowenJiezi to illustrate the lexical motivation of a word. As an integral part of Shuowen system, sound gloss has a close relationship with the configuration system of Shuowen. This essay studied all the 759 sound gloss in Shuowen and discussed the issue on how the Shuowen sound gloss can be related with the Xiaozhuan configuration from the following perspectives: First, the relationship between sound gloss and the radical system in Shuowen. Second, the relationship between sound gloss and Liushu(structure category). Third, the relationship between sound gloss and form-meaning analysis. The above aspects show the unique value and special status of sound gloss in Shuowen.Chapter 1 discusses the historical background of Shuowen. With no doubt Shuowen was influenced by the general cultural trend in Qin-Han. And Shuowen also inherited the exegesis tradition of Pre-Qin and Han. It can be found that Shuowen used a lot of previous materials of exegesis. By investigating the source and course, it is indicated that sound gloss in Shuowen rely on past achievements of exegesis study.Chapter2 gives a general view of the sound gloss in Shuowen. Sound gloss can be classified into Zhixun and Definition. The former is a kind of incomplete explanation, while the latter is complete. In Shuowen, the total number of Definition is more than that of Zhixun. According to the different usage sound gloss in Shuowen can be classified into three categories, which include the phonetic phenomenon, character phenomenon, as well as sematic extension phenomenon. As for the objects of explanation, nouns are the majority and verbs take the second place, while sound gloss for adjectives are rare.Chapter3 studies the relation between radical system and sound gloss. Sound gloss booms in some radicals whose meaning is closely related with people’s spiritual life and daily life, which reflect its realistic and humanistic characteristics. By tracing the source of radicals explained, sound gloss functions as the form-meaning analysis for these radicals. As for the non-radical characters, methods such as definition are used to show their consistency with radical characters in form-meaning analysis. The study proves the close relation between sound gloss and radical system in Shuowen.Chapter4 studies the sound gloss with different structure category. For pictographs and associative compounds, sound gloss directly or indirectly explains the original meaning by discussing the relationship of the configuration. For pictophonetic, some sound gloss explained the original meaning by using Definition related with radicals, while others by using the character with the same phonetic symbol. Therefore，sound gloss in Shuowen is also a kind of special explanation through character form. Chapter5 summarizes the status of sound gloss in Shuowen. The majority of the sound gloss in Shuowen is right, while some sound gloss are under the influence of general cultural trend in Qin-Han.On the hand of meaning, Shuowen inherited a lot of the past achievements and made them into Definition so as to explain the meaning of the word. So it has double functions in sound-meaning source tracing and form-meaning analysis.On the whole, sound gloss in Shuowen is not only the explanation of the sound, but also the explanation of overall sound-meaning relation of the character. Sound gloss is also a unique way of explaining character form in Shuowen. And this is the exact difference of sound gloss between Shuowen and other books.