早年留守经历对于个体成年早期的心理发展仍然有持续性影响，但以往研究通常以有留守经历大学生为研究对象，缺乏对有留守经历成人这一整体的关注和研究。基于依恋理论，个体的依恋内部工作模型和依恋风格具有稳定性，长期亲子分离和其它无法向依恋对象寻求亲近的经历导致留守儿童倾向于使用抑制激活的依恋策略，形成的回避型依恋风格并延续至成年。高依恋回避水平对个体的认知、情感和人际行为造成负面影响，因此对依恋回避个体进行干预是有必要的。

情绪聚焦疗法（Emotionally Focused Therapy，简称EFT）是一种经验性的系统疗法，以依恋理论和情绪理论为基础，在干预过程中重点关注个体与依恋经验有关的情绪问题，已有干预研究证明情绪聚焦疗法对依恋回避的干预具有有效性。本研究采用个案研究的方法，探索通过情绪聚焦疗法探索来访者的核心情绪，识别和重构来访者的人际互动循环，是否能够改变依恋回避者的内部工作模型，降低有留守经历成人的依恋回避水平，减少依恋回避带来的负面影响。

本研究采用情绪聚焦疗法对一名高依恋回避水平的有留守经历成人进行了每周一次，每次50分钟，共12次个体心理咨询干预，其中包括1次评估访谈。使用亲密关系经历量表、罗森伯格自尊量表和容纳他人量表测量来访者依恋回避和焦虑水平及内部工作模型的变化，结果显示来访者依恋回避、依恋焦虑维度得分下降，自尊得分升高，容纳他人量表得分下降。对咨询过程和回访的质性分析显示，来访者的依恋回避倾向得到改善，自我评价更加积极，与父母的关系更加亲密。

研究结果表明情绪聚焦疗法对干预有留守经历成人的依恋回避倾向具有有效性，来访者的内部自我模型和他人模型发生改变。

Left-behind experience has a continuous influence on the psychological health of individuals in early adulthood, but previous studies usually take college students with left-behind experience as the research object, lacking attention and research on adults with left-behind experience. Based on attachment theory, the internal working model of attachment and the attachment style of individuals are stable. Long-term parent-child separation lead to the tendency of left-behind children to use attachment strategies that inhibit activation and develop an avoidant attachment style that continues into adulthood. High levels of attachment avoidance negatively affect individuals' cognition, emotion, and interpersonal behaviors, so interventions for individuals with attachment avoidance are necessary.

Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT) is an experientials/systemic therapy based on attachment theory and emotion theory, which focuses on the emotional problems associated with attachment experience. This case study aims to explore whether EFT could change the internal working model of a avoidant attachment style individual, reduce the level of attachment avoidance, and reduce the negative effects of attachment avoidance.

This study used emotionally focused therapy to conduct an adult with high levels of attachment avoidance who had left-behind experience. Changes in the client's attachment avoidance scores and internal working model were measured using Experiences in Close Relationship Inventory(ECR), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale(SES), and the Acceptance of Others Scale(AOS), which showed decreases in the client's attachment avoidance and attachment anxiety dimension scores, increases in SES scores, and decreases in AOS scores. Qualitative analyses also showed that the attachment avoidance tendency was reduced.

The research proves that emotionally focused therapy is effective in intervening with attachment avoidance tendency in adults with left-behind experience.