大学阶段是人生中关键的四年，也是进行职业生涯探索的黄金时期。职业生涯探索是指，学生个体通过参与有关了解自我和工作环境的活动，评估自我和所获取得外部环境信息，并将自我特征和相关工作进行匹配，最终确定自身职业生涯目标的过程。职业生涯探索有助于提升学生未来的职业发展成就感和工作满意度，对个体的一生具有重要意义。 本研究主要探讨了大学生职业生涯探索的现状水平、差异以及影响因素。研究中量化部分采用自编的“大学生职业生涯探索问卷”对三所案例高校的550名在校大学本科生进行调查，通过描述性统计、独立样本t检验、方差分析等方法对问卷调查数据进行分析。质性部分在差异分析基础上选取不同背景特征的大学生进行访谈，挖掘大学生职业生涯探索的影响因素。研究得出如下结论：第一，本研究中所调查的三所样本高校的大学生职业生涯探索总体上处于中等偏上水平，由于大多数学生将读研作为自己毕业后的去向，因此环境探索更多局限于学校内，对就业市场的关注，以及对往届学生的就业情况关注相对较少，环境探索方面得分较低。第二，不同年级、学科类别、学业成绩排名的大学生其职业生涯探索水平存在着显著性差异。大二年级是职业生涯探索的转折点；文科类学生在职业生涯探索的多个方面得分高于理科类学生，但在环境探索方面得分低于理科类学生；学业成绩和职业生涯探索之间具有双向促进作用；不同性别、学生干部经历和政治面貌的大学生其职业生涯探索水平没有显著差异。第三，大学阶段学生的职业生涯探索更聚焦于“读研”这一方面，职业生涯探索具有一定的过程性，这个探索过程不会在大学毕业后就结束；职业生涯探索受到本科教育中知识含量少、周围环境、兴趣以及就业形势这些内外部因素影响；职业生涯探索的过程是重新审视和认识自我，了解环境的过程。在自身理想和现实情况有差距，有冲突时，需要不断调试自我，理性分析，做出相对合适的选择。 根据以上研究结果，本研究向高校就业指导部门和学生提出如下建议：第一，针对学生环境探索水平较低现象，建议学校要调研学生的实际需求，依据不同学科的不同培养目标，在课堂教学之外，增加实习实践环节，为学生创设实习锻炼的空间。建议大学生要结合自身需求慎重选择是否要继续升学深造，同时要利用课余时间，多与师长、同伴交流，多参加实践，在实际行动中积极探索自己的职业生涯。第二，建议学校要重视理论运用，如运用专门的量表如“职业偏好量表”和“自我指导问卷”帮助学生通过科学的方式了解自己的性格特征，引导学生去发觉自己的兴趣爱好。

The college stage is the four critical years in life, and it is also the golden age for career exploration. Career exploration means, student individual through the part in the activities related to understand ourselves and work environment and self-evaluation and has obtained the external environment information, and the self feature matching and related work, eventually determine the process of their own career goals. Career exploration helps to improve students' future career satisfaction and job satisfaction, which is of great significance to the individual's life. This thesis mainly discussed the current status, differences and influencing factors of college students' career exploration. Study the quantitative part of the questionnaire of college students' career exploration includes of three colleges and universities in case investigation was conducted among 550 undergraduates in colleges, through descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, analysis of variance method to analyze the questionnaire data. Based on the difference analysis, the qualitative part selects college students with different background characteristics to conduct interviews to explore the influencing factors of college students' career exploration. The main conclusions are as follows: first, the college students' career exploration is in the average level in general, because most of the students will graduate school as their own after graduation, so environment to explore more limited within the school and the attention to the job market, and the employment situation of past students attention is relatively small, the environment exploration low scores. Second, there are significant differences in career exploration level among college students in different grades, subject categories and academic performance rankings. Sophomore year is a turning point in career exploration; Liberal arts students scored higher than science students in many aspects of career exploration, but scored lower than science students in environmental exploration. There is a two-way promotion between academic achievement and career exploration; There was no significant difference in the career exploration level of college students with different gender, student cadre experience and political status. Third, college students' career exploration is more focused on the "graduate school" on the other hand, have certain procedural career exploration, the exploration process does not end after graduated from the university; Career exploration is influenced by the lack of knowledge in education, environment, interest and employment situation. The process of career exploration is to re-examine and understand the self and the process of the environment. There is a gap between the ideal and the reality. In the case of conflict, we need to constantly adjust ourselves and make rational analysis to make a relatively suitable choice. According to the above research results, the following Suggestions are made to the employment guidance department and students of colleges and universities: First, the phenomenon of the low level of environment for students to explore, advised schools to research the actual needs of students, according to different training objectives of different disciplines, outside of the classroom teaching and creation practice exercise space for students. Suggested that college students should combine their own needs careful choice of whether to continue studies for further study, want to use their spare time, at the same time more communication with teachers, friends, in practice, the more active exploration in the practical operation of his career. Second, it is recommended that the college attaches great importance to the theory, such as the use of special scale, such as " Vocational Preference Inventory " and " Self-Directed Search " to help students understand their personality characteristics by means of scientific, guide the students to find their own interests.