本报告将创新驱动与绿色转型纳入统一分析框架， 首先构建了一个基于熊彼特“创造性破坏”机制的绿色内生增长模型，系统考察了在环境污染、不可再生资源成为内生要素条件下，创新驱动的增长是否可持续以及实现可持续增长的条件，从而揭示创新驱动绿色转型的内在机理。研究表明，经济体的持续增长源于连续的创新流，尽管存在资源与环境约束，但在稳态均衡条件下存在经济增长率为正、污染排放及资源消耗增长率为负的绿色转型最优路径。其次，为了对理论进行验证并为对策设计提供经验依据，报告基于行业及城市的双维视角对创新影响经济绿色转型的效应进行了实证检验。在行业维度，报告首先采用DDF-GML生产率指数对中国工业的绿色全要素生产率进行测度，然后采用GMM动态面板模型检验了创新对工业绿色转型的影响效应。研究表明，中国工业绿色全要素生产率年均倒退0.02％，且所有行业的绿色生产率对产出增长的贡献与目标值相距甚远；在创新驱动效应检验中，投入端创新中的自主研发对工业绿色转型驱动效应显著，但技术引进对绿色转型的驱动效应较薄弱，而产出端创新对工业绿色转型起到了积极影响；从行业异质性来看，不论是投入端还是产出端创新，轻度污染行业的创新对绿色转型的边际贡献最大，中度污染行业次之而重度污染行业最小。在城市维度，报告首先以创新综合指数、生态效率量化评价中国城市的创新能力及绿色转型水平，然后构建多重空间权重矩阵、采用多种空间面板模型实证检验了创新的绿色转型效应，最后考察了创新空间溢出对城市绿色转型的影响及溢出的距离边界。研究表明，创新显著促进了中国城市绿色转型，且不论是从创新综合能力、投入端创新还是产出端创新来看，这一结论均是稳健的；创新对绿色转型的影响具有显著的城市异质性，依赖于城市地理区位、所在城市群、环境政策、资源禀赋、创新能力和市场化水平等；城市创新活动、绿色转型均具有显著的空间溢出效应，就创新的空间溢出而言，空间溢出对绿色转型的影响强于地区内溢出，但空间溢出效应随距离变化呈衰退趋势，700公里以内为创新的密集溢出区。最后，在总结理论和实证研究的基础上，报告基于多主体协同创新的角度设计了中国经济绿色转型的实践框架，并从政府、产业及企业三个层面提出创新驱动中国经济绿色转型的对策建议，以期为加快创新驱动与绿色转型的有机结合，推动中国经济迈向高质量发展新阶段贡献智慧。

This report brings the innovation-driven and green transformation into a unified analysis framework. First， the report constructs a green endogenous growth model based on Schumpeter’s “creative destruction” mechanism to demonstrate the possibility and conditions of sustained economic growth driven by innovation when natural resources and environmental pollutions become the endogenous factors， which aims to reveal the internal mechanism of the innovation driving economic green transformation. The research shows that the sustained economic growth comes from a continuous flow of innovation， and despite the resources and environmental constraints， under the condition of steady-state equilibrium， the economic growth is positive， and the growth rates of pollution emissions and resource consumptions are negative.Second， in order to verify the theoretical hypothesis and provide empirical basis for policy design， the report tests the effect of innovation on economic green transformation from the perspective of industry and city. At the industry level， this report adopts the DDF-GML productivity index to measure the industrial green total factor productivity， and then the GMM dynamic panel model is used to test the impact of innovation on industrial green transformation. The research shows that the green total factor productivity of China’s industry goes backward 0.02％ per year on average， and the green productivity contributions in all industrial sectors are far from the target. In the test of innovation on green transformation， independent R＆D belongs to input-oriented innovation has significantly promoted industrial green transformation， but the driving effect of technology acquisition on industrial green transformation is weak. Meanwhile， the output-oriented innovation has a positive effect on industrial green transformation. From the perspective of industrial heterogeneity， no matter the input-oriented or output-oriented innovation， the innovation from light pollution industrial sectors has the largest marginal contribution to green transformation， followed by the moderate pollution industrial sectors and the heavy pollution industrial sectors. At the urban level， this report adopts the innovation comprehensive index and ecological efficiency to evaluate urban innovation capacity and green transformation level， and then the impacts of innovation on urban green transformation are empirically tested by spatial econometric models， and the spillover effect of innovation on urban green development and the spillover boundaries are investigated. The research shows that， overall， innovation has significantly improved the urban ecological efficiency， and whether from the innovation comprehensive capability， input-oriented innovation or output-oriented innovation， this conclusion is robust. The impact of innovation on green transformation presents urban heterogeneity， depending on urban location， urban agglomeration， environmental policy， resource endowment， innovation capacity and marketization level， etc. The urban innovation activities and green transformation have remarkable spatial spillover effect. In terms of the spatial spillover of innovation， the spatial spillover has a stronger impact on urban green transformation than the intra-regional spillover. However， the spatial spillover effect declines with the increasing of distances.Last， on the basis of the theoretical and empirical studies， the report designs the practical framework of green transformation based on the perspective of the multi-agent collaborative innovation， and puts forward the policy suggestions of innovation driving China’s economy green transformation from three aspects of government， industry and enterprise. It is expected to contribute wisdom to accelerating the combination of innovation-driven and green transformation and pushing China’s economy into a new stage of high-quality development.