光动力治疗借助光敏药物，利用光动力效应生成活性氧物质，进而杀死特定细胞，凭借高时空精确性、低毒副作用、微创等特点，成为一种有前景的癌症治疗方案。根据光敏机制不同，光敏药物主要分为I型光敏剂和II型光敏剂两类。目前临床使用与文献报道中的光敏剂以II型光敏剂为主，其与分子氧通过三线态能量传递生成单线态氧，但受限于肿瘤组织的乏氧环境，对癌症的治疗效果并不理想。I型光敏剂通过与生物底物和分子氧经电子或质子转移过程生成活性氧自由基，研究表明，相比于II型光敏剂，I型光敏剂对氧浓度依赖性较低，即使在乏氧条件下也可以有效杀灭细胞，开发I型光敏剂被认为是克服光动力治疗乏氧的一个有效手段。采用主-客体组装、超分子组装等策略能增强某些光敏剂的电子转移过程，有助于将II型光敏剂转化为I型光敏剂。本实验采用超分子组装的策略，将氮杂BODIPY作为电子给体，苝二酰亚胺作为电子受体进行组装，制备电子给-受体纳米粒子，并期望增强其I型光敏作用过程。所制备的纳米粒子NP-1具有一定的单线态氧与超氧阴离子的生成能力，且采用共组装策略对二者的生成性能均有一定的增强。此外，该氮杂BODIPY分子可以进行进一步的结构修饰，对光敏剂的设计有重要的参考意义。

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) uses photosensitive drugs to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) that kill tumor cells. It has the advantages of high temporal and spatial precision, low side effects and minimal invasiveness, making it a promising cancer treatment option. There are two types of photosensitizers. Currently, the photosensitizers in clinical use are mainly type II photosensitizers, which generate singlet oxygen by energy transfer. But the therapeutic effect is not ideal due to the lack of oxygen in tumor tissue. Type I photosensitizers generate reactive oxygen species by electron or proton transfer processes with biological substrates and molecular oxygen. Studies have shown that compared with type II photosensitizers, type I photosensitizers are less dependent on oxygen concentration and can effectively kill cells even under hypoxic conditions. Strategies such as subject-object assembly and supramolecular assembly can enhance the electron transfer process and help convert type II photosensitizers into type I photosensitizers. In this experiment, a supramolecular assembly strategy was used to generate electron donor-acceptor nanoparticles by assembling aza-BODIPY as the electron donor and perylene diimide (PDI) as the electron acceptor. The generated nanoparticles NP-1 have the abilities to generate singlet oxygen and superoxide anion, and the co-assembly strategy has enhanced the generation effects. In addition, the aza-BODIPY molecule can be further structurally modified, which is an important reference for the design of photosensitizers.