本研究选取了来自实验室、珠海和云南的 6 种不同生境来源黑腹果蝇（Drosophila.），通过表型观察和 DNA 测序鉴定了它们的品系，共来自三个黑腹果蝇亚组。通过设计实验装置探究分析了果蝇趋光性和对不同光质选择的偏好，并通过实时荧光定量 PCR 探究了 6 组果蝇 ninaE 基因（编码光受体 Rh1）相对表达量的差异。实验结果表明，它们在趋光特性上存在差异，且趋光性强弱与 ninaE 基因在其眼部的表达量多少成正相关；果蝇对红光的喜好可能与ninaE 基因在其眼部的表达量成正相关，果蝇眼部红光的吸收可能主要由 Rh1完成。最后通过分析地理纬度因素、人类活动影响因素和不同品系遗传差异三个方面，讨论了造成果蝇趋光特性多样性的原因。

In this study, six species of Drosophila melanogaster (Drosophila.) from different habitat sources in the laboratory, Zhuhai and Yunnan were selected and their strains were identified by phenotypic observation and DNA sequencing from three Drosophila melanogaster subgroups. Drosophila phototropism and preference for different light qualities were analysed by designing experimental setups, and the relative expression of the ninaE gene (encoding the photoreceptor Rh1) in the six groups was investigated by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. The results showed that they differed in their phototropic properties, and the strength of phototropism was positively correlated with the amount of ninaE gene expression in their eyes; the preference of Drosophila for red light may be positively correlated with the amount of ninaE gene expression in their eyes, and the absorption of red light in the eyes of Drosophila may be mainly performed by Rh1. Finally, the reasons for the diversity of phototropism in Drosophila are discussed by analysing three aspects: geographical latitude, human activities and genetic differences between 
strains.