近年来消费需求的变动，东北黑土区的水稻种植面积存在较大范围的增加，这使得黑土区抵抗干旱等极端事件的脆弱性上升，对于黑土区水资源精确检测的重要性也同时增大。使用蒸散数据能够及时并准确地表征作物当前的需水量，进而针对作物水分的匮缺情况调控当地的灌溉水资源，而当前公开的蒸散数据存在一定的数据源或方法差异，对于东北地区蒸散模拟的精度和一致性未知。本研究通过对5套潜在蒸散数据以及3套实际蒸散数据在时间和空间的一致性进行了统计评估，并且对东北地区40年来蒸散的时空变化趋势以及变化特征进行了分析。结果得到各蒸散数据的空间一致性较差，而时间一致性较好；近40年来80%东北黑土平原区的整体潜在蒸散和实际蒸散处于稳定增加的趋势，而黑土区北部大兴安岭山脉以及小兴安岭山脉的部分地区的实际蒸散处于显著下降的趋势；蒸散突变的分布与水稻种植扩张的分布特征相近；在同一时段内，相反土地利用转换类型的蒸散趋势基本一致。研究结果说明东北黑土区潜在蒸散处于整体上升的趋势，而实际蒸散上升趋势主要集中在人类活动较多的平原非林地地区；蒸散在小尺度空间上受到人类活动，尤其是水稻种植用地的开垦以及种植活动的影响较大，而当前的土地利用数据无法很好地表征人类活动对水稻蒸散变化的影响。

The changing patterns of consumer demand in recent years have led to a significant increase in the cultivation area of rice in the Northeast China's Black Soil region. This expansion has rendered the region more vulnerable to extreme events such as droughts, thereby underscoring the increasing importance of accurate monitoring of water resources. Utilizing evapotranspiration (ET) data allows for timely and precise estimation of crop water requirements, enabling the regulation of local irrigation water resources in response to water scarcity. However, currently available ET data from various sources or methods exhibit discrepancies, leaving the accuracy and consistency of ET modeling in the Northeast region unknown. In this study, we conducted a statistical evaluation of temporal and spatial consistency among five sets of potential ET data and three sets of actual ET data. Furthermore, we analyzed the temporal and spatial trends as well as the characteristics of ET variations over the past 40 years in the Northeast China region. The results revealed poor spatial consistency among the different ET datasets but exhibited good temporal consistency. Over the past four decades, both potential and actual ET in 80% of the Northeast China's Black Soil Plain showed a stable increasing trend, while certain areas in the northern regions, such as the Greater and Lesser Khingan Mountains, experienced a significant decline in actual ET. The distribution of abrupt changes result from BFAST algorithm in ET closely resembled the expansion of rice cultivation areas. Moreover, within the same time period, ET trends remained consistent across contrasting land use conversions. The findings indicate an overall upward trend in potential ET in the Northeast China's Black Soil region, with the increasing trend in actual ET primarily concentrated in non-forest areas of the plains where human activities are more prevalent. Human activities, particularly the cultivation and expansion of rice fields, significantly influenced ET at small spatial scales. However, the current land use data inadequately represents the impact of human activities on rice ET variations.