随着中国综合国力的迅猛发展，科学技术不断进步以及安全稳定的生活环境使得越来越多的留学生选择来中国生活学习。同时我国积极与各个国家发展友好的关系，不仅在政治、经济上的联系不断紧密，教育和文化交流也不断加强。为进一步推动新形势下中国与非洲国家的友好合作，中非合作论坛的成立使中非命运共同体更加牢固，中非之间的教育合作和人才交流也迈向更高层次，使得来华非洲留学生数量激增。同时，随着我国对非洲外交策略的不断调整，在留学事业方面也给予了非洲部分国家一定的政策倾斜，至今为止非洲留学生已成为我国来华留学生的一个重要组成部分。但由于中非文化间存在巨大的差异，非洲留学生不可避免得会遇到跨文化适应问题，这些问题可能来自对日常生活的不适、学业的压力甚至心理上的困境，如果不能及时发现问题并提出有效的解决措施，无论对留学生还是管理者层面都可能造成一定的负面影响，甚至会影响留学生对东道国的评价。因此，对非洲留学生的跨文化适应问题的研究是现实之需。

本研究以重庆某师范学院的89名非洲在校留学生为研究对象，通过问卷设计和访谈，从“社会文化适应”“学业适应”“心理适应”三个维度对非洲留学生的跨文化适应现状、影响因素以及应对策略展开讨论。问卷内容设计主要是在Ward、杨军红、亓华等人的社会文化适应量表及心理适应量表、学业适应量表基础上根据自身调查进行修改和内容增删，共收回有效问卷89份。为进一步对非洲留学生的跨文化适应进行分析，探究更深层的问题及原因，笔者在问卷没有涉及到的内容上增加了访谈，并随机选取了10位留学生进行访谈调查，以弥补问卷调查的不足。研究发现，非洲留学生跨文化适应的总体情况较好。在社会文化适应方面，留学生对生活环境较满意，但对当地的文化适应情况不太理想；在学业适应方面，教师的教学水平和教学质量是他们最大的困扰；在心理适应方面，留学生的情绪控制较好，但影响他们适应的关键因素是在生活中总是感受到周围人异样的眼光。通过对跨文化适应现状的分析，整理了以下六点影响因素，人口统计学因素、生活环境、方式的变化因素、文化认同、价值观冲突（个体与集体主义）、刻板印象以及人格特征，并据此从高校管理层面、留学生自身层面和教师层面提出了几点建议，以帮助留学生获得更好的留学体验。

With the rapid development of China's comprehensive national power, the continuous progress of science and technology and the safe and stable living environment, more and more international students choose to live and study in China. At the same time, China is actively developing friendly relations with various countries, and in addition to close political and economic ties, educational and cultural exchanges are also being strengthened. In order to further strengthen the friendly cooperation between China and African countries under the new situation, the establishment of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation has brought the China-Africa destiny community closer, and the education cooperation and talents exchange between China and Africa have also become closer, which has led to a sharp increase in the number of African students coming to China.

With the adjustment of China's foreign policy towards Africa, China's study abroad career has also given certain policy inclination to Africa, and African students have become a major part of Chinese students coming to China. Due to the huge differences between Chinese and African cultures, African students will inevitably encounter cross-cultural adaptation problems, which may come from discomfort in daily life, academic pressure or even psychological difficulties, and if the problems are not found in time and effective solutions are proposed, they may have certain negative effects on both the international students and the managerial level, and may even affect the international students' evaluation of the host country. Therefore, the research on the cross-cultural adaptation of African international students is a realistic need.

This study takes 89 African students from a normal college in Chongqing as the research subjects, and through questionnaire design and interviews, discusses the current situation, influencing factors and coping strategies of cross-cultural adaptation of African students from three dimensions: "socio-cultural adaptation", "academic adaptation" and "psychological adaptation".The content of the questionnaire was designed based on the socio-cultural adjustment scale, psychological adjustment scale and academic adjustment scale by Ward, Yang Junhong, Qi Hua and Chen Hui. There were 89 valid questionnaires returned. In order to further conduct a differential analysis on the cross-cultural adaptation of African international students and explore deeper problems and reasons, the author added interviews to the contents not covered by the questionnaire and randomly selected 10 international students for informal interviews to make up for the shortcomings of the questionnaire survey. The study found that the overall cross-cultural adaptation of African students is good. In terms of socio-cultural adaptation, international students are more satisfied with their living environment, but their adaptation to the local culture is less satisfactory; in terms of academic adaptation, the teaching level and quality of teachers are their biggest troubles; in terms of psychological adaptation, the discrimination and prejudice felt by African students are the key factors affecting their adaptation. Through the analysis of the current situation of cross-cultural adaptation, the following six influencing factors were compiled, demographic factors, changing factors of living environment and ways, cultural identity, value conflicts, stereotypes, and personality traits, and accordingly, several suggestions were made at the university management level, international students' own level and teachers' level to help international students have a better study abroad experience.