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中文题名:

 新课标指导下的中学语文教师课堂口语初探    

姓名:

 刘继明    

保密级别:

 内部    

论文语种:

 chi    

学科代码:

 040102    

学科专业:

 课程与教学论    

学生类型:

 硕士    

学位:

 教育硕士    

学位年度:

 2008    

校区:

 北京校区培养    

学院:

 文学院    

研究方向:

 学科教学 语文    

第一导师姓名:

 朱家珏    

第一导师单位:

 北京师范大学文学院    

提交日期:

 2008-11-26    

答辩日期:

 2008-11-28    

外文题名:

 Under the new class sign instruction's middle school language teacher classroom spoken language initially searches    

中文摘要:

教师课堂口语的水平直接影响到课堂教学的效率和效果,并且对学生的语言素养有直接影响。因此古今中外的教育家都非常重视教师的课堂口语。信息时代和新课程的实施对教师课堂口语要求更高。笔者的学位论文通过对“对话教学理论”和“交往教学理论”,“教学信息控制论”、“潜在课程论”、“语感和语用理论”等理论与文献的学习,探究了新课标指导下的中学语文教师课堂口语的基本内涵与重要特征、基本类型与生成要求和主要功能。本文的课堂口语是指在新课标指导下,中学语文教师针对特定的教学对象,使用特定的教材,采用一定的教学方法,在特定的课堂场合和时间内欲达到预定教学目标的教学过程中所用的口语;是教师发挥教学的主导作用,引导学生实践自主、合作、探究学习方式的口语;是不同于其它学科有着自己独特个性与魅力的教学口语。引导性、示范性、审美性、人性和个性是课堂口语的重要特征。同时指出语文教师要关注课堂口语的有效生成,在引导自主学习时做到形象生动有开启和感染作用,在引导探究学习时做到含蓄留白有启发和导向作用,在组织合作学习时做到机智灵活有转化和组织作用,在对学习过程和结果进行评价和总结时做到简明得体有激励和小结作用。笔者通过问卷调查和深入课堂听课的形式总结出目前语文教师的课堂口语主要还存在以下问题:缺少必要的组织性讲授或缺少转变与创新;缺少清晰明确与可控制的引导;缺少精心预设与教学机智,缺少变化和感染力;缺少尊重和人文关怀;缺少规范准确与简洁。针对上述问题,笔者建议语文教师要按照新课标的指导进行自我调整:在言语心态上由垄断到民主、在言语方式由传话到对话、在言语流程上由线性到立体、在言语目标上由描述到建构这四个方面进行积极转变。再通过教学实验和教学反思,总结了若干课堂常用口语如启发诱导性常用语、赏识激励性常用语、促进反思性常用语和若干有效生成策略如幽默激趣策略、民主激情策略、形象新颖策略、精心预设策略。本文还提出了语文教师提高课堂口语水平的参考性的提升策略如加强基本的课堂口语理论学习、加强对名师教学实录的借鉴学习、加强课堂口语的自我实践训练与反思等。语文教师要通过这些策略逐步改进自身在课堂口语方面存在的问题,努力克服影响课堂口语的主客观因素,教师的角色变为学生学习和成长的合作者、引导者、促进者,学生的角色变为主动进行有意义学习的探索者和积极进行实践活动的主体,那么教师必能打开与学生心理沟通的渠道,营造一种真诚、信任、民主、愉悦的课堂心理气氛。在这样的氛围中,师生之间建立现代师生关系,在互动和合作学习中开发增值性教学合力。从而提高语文教师自身的课堂口语意识和操控水平,进而帮助学生实现自主合作探究的学习方式,提高语文课堂教学的效果和效率,促进中学语文教师队伍整体教育教学能力的提高。

外文摘要:

Teacher classroom spoken language level immediate influence to classroom instruction efficiency and effect, and has the immediate influence to student's language accomplishment. Therefore ancient and moderns in China and abroad's educationalists take teacher's classroom spoken language. The information age and the new curriculum's implementation is higher to the teacher classroom spoken language request.Author's dissertation through right “dialog teaching theory” and “contact teaching theory”, “teaching information cybernetics”, “latent curriculum theory”, “language sense and language with theory” and so on theories and literature study, inquired into under the new class sign instruction middle school language teacher classroom spoken language basic connotation and the key character, the fundamental type and the production request and the major function. This article classroom spoken language is refers to under the new class sign instruction, the middle school language teacher in view of the specific teaching object, uses the specific teaching material, uses certain teaching method, wants the spoken language which in the specific classroom situation and the time achieves the predetermined teaching goal in the teaching process to use; Is the teacher displays the teaching the leading role, guides the student to practice, the cooperation, the inquisition study way spoken language independently; Is different in other disciplines has the unique individuality and the charm teaching spoken language. Bootstraping, demonstrativeness, esthetic, the human nature and the individuality are the classroom spoken language key characters. Simultaneously pointed out that the language teacher wants to pay attention to the classroom spoken language the effective production, when guidance independent study achieves the image vividly to have opening and the infection function, when guidance inquisition study achieves leaves a parting note for somebody implicitly has the inspiration and the guidance function, when organization cooperation study achieves quick-witted has the transformation and the organization function nimbly, when and carries on the appraisal and the summary finally to the learning process achieves concise has the drive and the subtotal function appropriately.Author the form which attends a lecture through the questionnaire survey and the thorough classroom summarizes the present language teacher's classroom spoken language mainly also to have the following problem: Lacks the essential organization sense to teach or to lack the transformation and the innovation; Lacks is clear clearly with the guidance which may control; Lacks the careful preinstall and the teaching is quick-witted, lacks the change and the power; Lacks the respect and the humanities concern; Lacks the standard to be accurate and to be succinct. In view of the above question, the author suggested that the language teacher wants to defer to the new class sign the instruction to make the self-adjustment: From monopolizes the democracy in the spoken language point of view, in the spoken language way from conveys a message to the dialog, in the spoken language flow from the linearity to three-dimensional, from describes in the spoken language goal constructs these four aspects to carry on the positive transformation. Again through the teaching experiment and the teaching resonsideration, summarized certain classroom commonly used spoken language like inspiration inductivity often the terminology, the recognition excitability often the terminology, the promotion resonsideration often the terminology and certain effective production strategy like stirs up the interest strategy, the democratic fervor strategy, the image novel strategy, the careful preinstall strategy humorously. This article also proposed the language teacher raises the classroom spoken language proficiency the referential promotion strategy like to strengthen the basic classroom spoken language theoretical study, to strengthen to the famous teacher teaching factual record profits from the study, to strengthen the classroom spoken language the self-practice training and the resonsideration and so on. The language teacher must improve oneself gradually through these strategies the question which exists in the classroom language aspect, overcomes the influence classroom spoken language diligently the subjective and objective factor, teacher's role becomes the student study and the growth collaborator, the guide, the promoter, student's role becomes the seeker who carries on the meaningful study on own initiative and carries on practice positively the main body, then the teacher must be able to open with the student psychology communication channel, builds one kind sincerely, the trust, the democracy, the joyful classroom psychology atmosphere. In such atmosphere, between the teachers and students establishes the modern teachers and students relations, in interacts and in the cooperation study develops the increment teaching joint effort. Thus raises the language teacher own classroom spoken language consciousness and the control level, then helps the student to realize the independent cooperation inquisition study way, enhances the language classroom instruction the effect and the efficiency, the promotion middle school language teacher troop whole education teaching faculty enhancement.

参考文献总数:

 47    

馆藏号:

 硕040102/08160    

开放日期:

 2008-11-26    

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