“丁”者“当”也，意为遭逢、遇到。“忧”者，“居丧”也，指人们为了表达对死者的哀悼之情而守丧。“丁忧”意为遭遇父母之丧。在中国传统法律文化中，官员丁忧要回籍守丧，开缺离职，期间不婚娶、不赴宴、不应考，违反丁忧法律规定的官员会受到严厉的处罚。本文以清代丁忧制度为中心，运用清代相关律典档案史料，阐释清代丁忧制度的主要内容和实际运作样态。
    本文由四个部分组成：
    第一部分，绪论。由研究现状及不足、理论意义和实践意义、研究内容及研究方法、创新点与突破点四个部分组成，旨在回溯丁忧制度的既往研究成果，明确研究价值和研究方法、阐述文章框架，寻求本文的逻辑起点，对文章作一整体把握。
    第二部分，丁忧的概念及历史沿革。由丁忧的概念及实质、汉人传统丁忧制度的历史沿革、满人传统丧葬风俗及八旗制度概述三个部分组成。丁忧可追溯至先秦时期“三年之丧”的民间旧俗，经过历代传承和转化，形成了等级分明、形式繁杂的丁忧制度。清代是满汉二元政治，在清代统治者采行汉法的过程中，满人的大量旧俗被沿袭下来，并与八旗制度融合，形成了极具民族特色的八旗丁忧制度。丁忧是“百善孝为先”的中国古代核心价值观与职官管理制度相结合的产物，是通过“求忠臣于孝子之门”以巩固统治的制度工具。
    第三部分和第四部分，清代丁忧制度考略和清代夺情起复制度考略，是本文重点。清代丁忧制度考略由丁忧的丧服范围及时限、丁忧的服制种类及服饰要求、丁忧的待遇、丁忧的执行程序、丁忧的禁止行为及违禁的处置规定五个部分组成；清代夺情起复制度考略由夺情起复的启用条件、方式、起复的规定及违限处罚、夺情与党争四个部分组成。本文依据《清史稿》《大清历朝实录》《清史讲义》等所载相关史料，对清代丁忧制度及其例外的内容和具体规定展开较全面的论述。
    第五部分，清代丁忧制度的评价。由积极影响与消极影响两个部分组成，本文从维护统治的稳定性、加强丁忧制度的系统性和完备性、传承与发扬儒家孝道观三个方面阐述清代丁忧制度的积极影响；接着从影响官员个人的仕途发展，阻碍社会进步、成为政治斗争的工具、增加行政成本，行政机构工作效率低下三个方面说明清代丁忧制度存在的问题与局限。

    The word "ding" means "to be", meaning to meet or encounter. The word "sorrow" means "mourning", which refers to the mourning of the dead as an expression of one's condolences. The word "sorrow" means to be in mourning for one's parents. In traditional Chinese legal culture, officials were required to return to their home towns to observe the mourning and leave their posts without marrying, going to banquets or taking examinations, and officials who violated the rules of Dingyou would be strictly punished. This paper focuses on the Dingyou system in the Qing Dynasty and uses the relevant legal archives of the Qing Dynasty to explain the main content and actual operation of the Dingyou system.
    This paper consists of four parts:
    The first part, introduction. It is composed of four parts: research status and shortcomings, theoretical significance and practical significance, research content and research methods, innovation and breakthrough points, to clarify the value of the research and research methodology, to elaborate the framework of the article, to seek the logical starting point of this paper, and to make an overall grasp of the article.
    The second part is the concept and historical development of Dingyou. It consists of three parts: the concept and essence of Dingyou, the historical development of Han Chinese traditional Dingyou system, and the overview of Manchu traditional funeral customs and the Eight Banners system. Dingyou can be traced back to the pre-Qin period, "three years of mourning" of the old folk customs, through successive generations of inheritance and transformation, the formation of a hierarchical, complex forms of Dingyou system. The Qing dynasty is the Manchu-Chinese duality of politics, in the process of the Qing rulers to adopt the Han law, a large number of the old customs of the Manchus were inherited, and with the integration of the eight banners system, the formation of a very national characteristics of the eight banners Dingyou system. It is a product of the combination of the ancient Chinese core value of "all good deeds and filial piety come first" and the system of official management, and it is a systematic tool to consolidate the rule by "seeking loyal ministers at the door of filial piety".
    The third part and the fourth part, the Qing dynasty Dingyou system and the Qing dynasty to take the situation of the Duoqingqifu system, is the focus of this paper. The Qing dynasty Dingyou system by the funeral service scope and time limit, of the service system type and dress requirements, of the treatment, of the implementation of the procedure, of the prohibited behaviour and the disposal of prohibited provisions of the five parts; the Qing dynasty to take the feelings of resumption of the system by taking the feelings of resumption of the enabling conditions, the way to take back the provisions of the provisions of the provisions of the provisions of the provisions of the limits of the penalties, and to take the feelings of the party dispute with the four parts of the composition. This paper is based on the "Qing History Manuscript", "Records of the Qing Dynasty", "Qing History Handout" and other relevant historical materials, the Qing dynasty Dingyou system and its exceptions to the content and specific provisions of a more comprehensive discussion.
    The fifth part is the evaluation of the Qing Dynasty's system. It consists of positive and negative impact of the two parts, this paper from the maintenance of the stability of the rule, to enhance the systematic and complete system, inheritance and carry forward the Confucian concept of filial piety three aspects of the positive impact of the Qing Dynasty but the system; then from the impact of the personal career development of the officials, hindering social progress, become a tool for political struggle, increase administrative costs, administrative agencies work inefficiently in the three aspects of the problems and limitations of the system of the Qing Dynasty but the system. Then, it explains the problems and limitations of the Qing Dynasty's system of mourning.