萧一山是我国20世纪著名的历史学家，一生致力于清史研究，以一人之力完成410万字的鸿篇巨制《清代通史》，又撰有另一名著《清史大纲》，在清史领域广泛开拓，作出重要贡献。同时，他又是梁启超“新史学”的承继者和实践者，将新史学理论充分贯彻到清史编纂中，从而成为20世纪新史学流派的重要代表人物。对其清史研究予以系统的立体式考察，不仅能够彰显其史学成就和地位，而且能够加深对20世纪中国史学格局的整体认识，无疑具有重要的理论意义和学术价值。故此，本文力求克服以往某些研究者避开《清代通史》而仅从外围材料作评论的缺憾，深入著作内里，真正做到从第一手资料出发，认真发掘和分析，对其在清史领域所取得的成就进行较为全面、客观的论述。全文共分六章，主要内容和观点如下：第一章“绪论”，简述本课题的选题原因及意义、课题研究的历史和现状、课题研究的重点、难点和创新点，以及基本研究思路和方法。学界对萧一山史学的研究虽取得一定成绩，但尚缺乏较为成熟和完善的研究专著，已有成果也与其史学地位难以相称。本课题以集中分析史著的方式，重在总结其对清史研究的开拓、“民族革命史观”、评价清代人物的方法以及史学经世思想等，力求有所突破和创新。第二章“萧一山对清史研究领域的开拓”，共分五节。第一节，简要阐述萧一山的学术思想轨迹，考察其所处时代背景、学术环境、如何走上清史研究道路以及刻苦钻研的学术精神和过程，指出其成就的取得与他强烈的爱国情怀和民族责任感密不可分，强调其清史研究的目的即在于深刻认识近代中国社会的变迁以鉴往知来。第二节，论述其对清代经济史的研究，认为萧氏在宏观上以时间为序，系统考察了清代各个时期的财政经济收支总量、农本主义经济之下的土地分配、人口状况以及赋税名目等数额度量；在微观上，重视人民大众的生活状况，关注民生与社会风俗的变迁，力求以小见大，反映清代社会生活情状；在方法上则注意借鉴近代经济学、人口学等其他学科的理论和知识加以分析，不仅反映出其对新史学理论主张的贯彻，而且显示出他在一定程度上受到唯物史观的影响。第三节，探讨其对清代政治盛衰趋势的考察，指出他重在把握清代政治的兴衰大势，探究其间的因果关系及经验教训，从开国与奠基、康雍乾盛世、国运中衰、同治中兴与晚清弊政等多方面加以论述；并以朋党之争、文字狱和人民反抗斗争为例，阐明政治大事件与政治发展趋势之间的内在联系。第四节，阐述其对清代制度史的考察，认为他以高明的见识对清代政治机构、制度等详述其源流与变迁，并深入总结其得失，提出诸多重要见解。第五节，论述其对晚清外交困境和御侮图强民族精神的探究，以西方列强的侵略和中国人民的反抗为主线，既梳理了晚清外交的屈辱历程，又阐发了中国人面对侵略所表现出来的不屈不挠的民族精神，高度赞扬了爱国官员、有志之士探究救亡图强之路和普通群众英勇抵抗侵略的爱国情怀和民族大义。第三章“‘民族革命史观’的形成与发展”，论述萧一山“民族革命史观”的形成、发展过程及其重要的历史意义和学术价值。首先，指出萧氏在《清代通史》中力倡这一史观，并将其作为贯穿清代三百年历史的主线，表现为肯定清初郑成功抗清事业，重视天地会作用，评价太平天国是民族革命的巨大洪流等；继而认为其在抗战时期的民族危亡关头撰成《清史大纲》，标志着“民族革命史观”的升华，主要表现在其将民族革命经历概括为三个阶段，而尤其强调反抗外国列强侵略的意义。其次，总结萧氏对“近代中华民族的自觉”这一重大课题的论述和发挥，指出其下核心内容是：中华民族处在列强侵略危机下，发扬民族文化中的优良特性，探索救亡图强道路的努力，将戊戌维新运动、洋务运动以及辛亥革命视为晚清以来中华民族自觉的重要基件，而“三民主义”则是这一历程的最终结晶。再者，指出萧氏“民族革命史观”在当时引起学界的讨论，产生重要影响，尤其在抗日战争中起到鼓舞民族士气的现实作用，而这一史观是“新史学”向“马克思主义史学”发展道路上的重要里程碑之一。第四章“萧一山评价清代历史人物”，详细论述萧一山对清代历史人物的评价及其方法和意义。首先，指出萧氏对清代历史人物作出了精彩而客观的评价，既能表彰历史人物的功绩，又能指出其过失或局限，尤其是对于清代康、雍、乾三位帝王，林则徐、魏源等抵抗派官员，曾国藩与李鸿章等“中兴名臣”都有十分生动的论述和中肯的评价。其次，认为萧氏评价历史人物以是否对国家民族的进步有所建树为主要标准；将历史人物置于历史演进的大势中作考察；既重视人物的事功，又重视代表时代前进要求的思想、学说所产生的作用，具有重要的方法论价值和启示意义。第五章“萧一山与太平天国史料”，论述萧一山对太平天国史料的辛苦搜集和整理，其从国外影印回来后整理出版的众多珍贵文件是研究太平天国史的第一等重要材料，有力地推动了近代太平天国史研究的向前推进，同时在史料学上亦具有重要意义，其影响直至今日。第六章“结语”，总结萧一山的学术经世致用思想，认为其深受晚清爱国思想家魏源的影响，大力倡导史学致用，深入分析中国文化的特质，又批判其中存在的弊端，以服务于抗战大业，反对脱离实际、无益于社会的倾向。并着重论述萧一山在现代史学史上所占据的重要学术地位，认为：他是20世纪“新史学”思潮中崛起的史学奇才，是新史学流派的重要代表人物，成功撰著《清代通史》和《清史大纲》，为清史研究领域作出开拓性贡献，具有奠基的意义。萧氏善于继承中国史学的优良传统，并创造性地加以运用，为推进中国史学的发展提供了有益的经验。

This article mainly expresses Mr. Xiao-Yishan and his important research on Qing-dynasty history. Xiao Yi-shan is one of the famous 20th century historian, whose lifetime commitment to the study of the Qing-dynasty history, one masterpiece of the strength of one man, 4.1 million words of the General history of the Qing-dynasty, and there is another masterpiece of the outline of the history of the Qing, which both wide open up in the area of Qing-dynasty history, and make an important contribution. At the same time, he is the Liang Qi-Chao’s “new historiography” inheritance and practice, new history theory fully implement it in our compilation of Qing-dynasty history, becoming the important representative figure of the 20th century historiography of the new genre. On Qing-dynasty history research system of stereo review, not only to highlight its historical achievements and status, and to enhance overall understanding of the pattern of Chinese historiography in the 20th century, undoubtedly has an important theoretical and academic value. Therefore, this article seeks to overcome the past that some researchers avoid General history of the Qing-dynasty, but only from the periphery material deficiency commented, in-depth work, truly proceeding from first-hand information, seriously explore and analysis on the achievements in the field of Qing-dynasty history for more comprehensive and objective discussion. This article is divided into six chapters, main content and opinions are as follows:The first chapter is “Introduction”，which outlining the topic causes and significance of subject, history and present situation of research on themes, key points, difficult points of research and innovation, as well as basic research thinking and method. Research on Mr. Xiao Yi-shan history despite certain achievements in the field, but the lack of a more mature and sophisticated research monographs, has resulted commensurate with the historical status difficultly. This subject focusing on the history works, pays more attention to get conclution of the study of Qing-dynasty history development, “National Revolutionary view of history”, evaluation of of the charaters in the Qing-dynasty, the statecraft thought method of historiography and strive for breakthroughs and innovations.Chapter Two: “XiaoYi-shan’s pioneering in the field of the history of Qing”, divided into five sections. The first section briefly decribes Xiao Yi-shan’s academic thought and the spirit in trajectories, examining the background, academic environment, and his road to study the history of Qing-dynasty and assiduously, pointed out that its achievements and his strong sense of patriotism and national are inseparable, emphasize it clear that the purpose of understanding the history of modern Chinese social changes to learn the future from the past.Second section expositions Mr. Xiao’s research on Qing-dynasty economic history，thinking that Xiao Yi-shan in macro way by time for sequence, System investigation has been taken in Qing-dynasty each period of financial economic payments total, agriculturally this doctrine economic of land distribution, population status and tax names, amount measure; in micro-way, pay attention to masses of life status, concern livelihood and social customs of changes, sought to see from reflections in Qing-dynasty social life edges; in method which is note reference modern economics, and demographic, other subject of theory and knowledge beanalysis, not only reflect out his advocated implement on “new history theory”, and display out him in must degree was effected by historical materialism.The third section discussion his investigation on Qing-dynasty political rise and fall trends, pointed out that he was good at grasping political rise and fall trends in Qing-dynasty, research the causal relationship and the experience lessons of the trends, from founding and Foundation, and then Kang-Yong-Qian prosperous times, the trend of Qing-dynasty in the failure, and Tongzhi zhongxing and at last in late Qing-dynasty maladministration, multifaceted be expositions; and using faction of race, text prison and people’s against struggles for cases, stated inherent contact of political large event and political development trend.The fourth section covers examination on the system of the Qing-dynasty history, describing Xiao Yi-shan’s brilliant insights on political instutions in the Qing-dynasty system, detailing its origin and evolution, and summarizing their gains and losses, made many important insights. Fifth section expositions Mr. Xiao’s research on late Qing-dynasty diplomatic dilemma and strong national spirit of resist invasion figure, using Western powers of aggression and Chinese people’ against for main line, both carding diplomatic of humiliation course in late Qing dynasty, and elucidated Chinese face aggression by performance out of indomitable of national spirit, height commended patriotic officials, people with lofty ideals researched the road from salvation figure to strong country, and general masses heroic resistance aggression of patriotic feelings and national interest.The third chapter is “National Revolutionary history view” formation and development of XiaoYi-shan, which discussed view of history of national revolution of the formation, development and important historical and academic value. First, pointed out that Mr. Xiao advocate this history view in Qing dynasty general history under the force, and making it runs through as the main line in Qing dynasty for 300 years history, performance for certainly Zheng Chenggong anti-Qing cause of early Qing-dynasty, attention heaven role, evaluation Taiping Heavenly Kingdom is national revolution of huge torrent; then think Mr. Xiao in war period of national hanging in moment finished outline of the history of the Qing, marks “national revolution history view” of sublimation, main performance in its was national revolution experience Generally for three stage, especially stressed against foreign powers aggression of significance. Second, summary on “modern Chinese nation of consciously” which was the major topic of expositions and play, pointed out that its core content is: Chinese nation in powers aggression crisis, carry forward national culture in the fine characteristics, exploration salvation figure strong road of efforts, and reform movement, and Westernization movement and Xinhai revolution considered in late Qing dynasty cnsidered as Chinese nation’s consciously important base pieces. And “three principles of doctrine” is the eventually crystal of such a course. Furthermore, pointed out that Mr. Xiao’s “National Revolutionary History view” at the time due to unofficial discussion, have a major impact, especially in the war, play an important role in encouraging national morale of reality, and this history view is one important milestone on the path of development from the “new historiography” to “Marxist historiography”. The fourth chapter, “Xiao Yi-shan evaluation of historical figures in the Qing-dynasty”detail Xiao Yi-shan’s methods and its significance on evaluation historical figures in the Qing-dynasty. First, pointed out that Mr. XiaoYi-shan made a wonderful and objective evaluation on historical figures during the Qing-dynasty of both recognition of historical figures of merit, and pointing out its faults or limited, especially on three great emperors Kang-Yong-Qian in the Qing dynasty, on such resistance officials as Lin Zexu and Wei Yuan, “middle time famous officials” Zeng Guofan and Li Hongzhang, has a very lively discussion and point out the evaluation. Secondly, think Mr. Xiao’s evaluation of historical figures to make difference to national progress as the main standard; put historical figures in the trends of historical development for investigation; attention to the appreciation of the characters, as well as important affects of role thoughts and theory which represent the requirements of the times, is of great value and significance of methodology.The fifth chapter, “Xiao-Yishan and historical materials of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom” exposition Xiao Yi-shan’s hard work on collecting and organizing historical materials of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, finishing its photocopying from abroad Mr.Xiao take back many precious files of the study, published first in the history of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, and other important materials, effectively promot the advance of study on the modern history of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, which also has important signnificance in the study of historical materials, the effects lasting until today.The sixth chapter, “conclusion”, summing up Mr. Xiao-yishan’s academic thoughts of studying, thinking who was impacted by the Rams scholar Wei yuan in late Qing dynasty, to support the use of hitory, in-depth analysis of the characteristics of Chinese culture, and to criticize disadvantages of it, to serve the great cause of the against war in reality, rejection the knowledge which is not conducive to social tendencies. And focus on XiaoYi-shan in modern history to occupy important academic positions, who was considered the 20th century “new historiography” trends of thought as the rise of genius and important representative of the new genre of historiography, successfully write the General history of the Qing-dynasty and the outline of the history of the Qing, made pioneering contributions in the field of Qing-dynasty history. XiaoYi-shan has the significance of the Foundation who inherit the fine traditions of Chinese historiography, and creative use it, to promote the development of China's historiography and provide useful experience.