历史记忆的书写是国家认同建构的重要手段之一，而历史教育又是历史记忆建构国家认同的关键。历史教育中，作为历史书写重要载体的历史教科书发挥着重要作用。近年来，台湾高中历史教材的编写值得警惕，它通过以下五个手段错乱了台湾青年学生的历史记忆和国家认同：第一，为台湾寻根及强调台湾的本土性；第二，从历史归属角度削弱台湾与大陆的历史联系；第三，将日治台湾与清治台湾同等化甚至是优化；第四，从现代政治主权和国际公法角度切断两岸的关联；第五，污名化、恐怖化中国共产党的形象与统治。台湾历史教科书的上述编纂方式对当代台湾青少年影响十分大。当代台湾一些青年之所以具有较强的台湾意识、明显的“去中国化”思维和台湾化的国家认同，与台湾历史教科书的此种编纂方式不无关系。

The writing of historical memory is one of the most important means to construct national identity and history education is the key of constructing national identity by historical memory. In history education, the history textbook has significant influence as the important way to write history. Recently, the compilation of history textbook in Taiwan is worthy of our attention. It has bad effect on historical memory and national identity of students in Taiwan by five ways. Firstly, it has an emphasis on Taiwan’s indigenization and searches for origin for Taiwan. Secondly, it weakens the historical connection between Taiwan and China Mainland. Thirdly, it equalizes the government of Japan and Qing Dynasty and even glorifies Japan’s government. What is more, it cuts off the two sides of the Taiwan Straits’ relations from modern political sovereignty and public international law. In the last, it tarnishes the image and government of the Communist Party of China. These compiling and writing ways of history textbook in Taiwan have a marked impact on Taiwan’s youths. Contemporary Taiwan’s teenagers’ some ideas that the awareness of Taiwanese, the mindset of separating from the mainland and national identity of Taiwanization have close relationship with these compiling ways of history textbook in Taiwan.