维吉尔《埃涅阿斯纪》对于人际关系的表达非常成功。本论文集中讨论《埃涅阿斯纪》中最为重要的人与神、主与客、长与幼、爱情与婚姻四种类型的关系及其表达。本论文循着“因内而符外”的方法，从探索“人际关系”入手，进入《埃涅阿斯纪》的内部寻找这部经典的诗性表达形式。鉴于维吉尔在文化史、史诗史上的地位，本论文的研究视野始终关注希腊罗马时代的信仰文化等因素，特别关注维吉尔与荷马等前代诗人在“人际关系”主题上的关涉。本论文首先阐述维吉尔作为一个“主观诗人”的基本诗性特征，为分析维吉尔史诗提供一个路径。维吉尔尊重史诗文体的艺术需要，在情节设置和人物关系叙事上遵循必然性原则，维吉尔与读者、与史诗人物关系密切，史诗具有鲜明立场和丰富情感特质。随后，本论文主要从两个层面探讨维吉尔史诗世界中四种人际关系的具体状态及诗人诗性表达的特点。第一个层面，本论文分别探讨史诗中四种人际关系的状态，史诗英雄埃涅阿斯其“虔诚”的展现和强化过程。其中，“人神关系”分析诗人对神话传说的利用和改造，神灵在史诗中的影响以及人神关系的几种类型。“主客关系”分析主客问题的产生及流亡命题，诗人对埃涅阿斯及其与异乡人之间主客关系的处置，诗人对良好主客关系的认定。“长幼关系”分析安奇塞斯与埃涅阿斯之间的深厚感情，战争给和谐的长幼关系带来的各种变异。“爱情与婚姻关系”分析爱情与婚姻的关系、爱情与战争的关系以及埃涅阿斯离开狄多和杀死图尔努斯的必然性。 第二个层面，本论文在探讨“人际关系”的同时，从内容研究走向诗学研究，相继研究了这四种人际关系的诗性“表达”，梳理了维吉尔呈现人际关系的方式，“关系”呈现与时代背景、史诗文体传统之间的联系，从而阐释维吉尔卓越的叙事表达才能。本论文所探讨的这四种人际关系都是史诗文类中恒见的四种关系。探讨这些关系在《埃涅阿斯纪》中的具体呈现和个性化“表达”，可以揭示维吉尔作为一个主观诗人的表达方式和特点，可以发掘维吉尔在希腊罗马史诗传统中的独特性、创造性。通过两个层面的论述，可以看出维吉尔在处理传统与时代问题上具有独立立场，其史诗为时代而作，又超越时代。维吉尔用自己的方式重新定义了史诗文体，将英雄时代的史诗改造成了城市文明背景下的史诗。

The expression of interpersonal relationships is very successful in Virgil’s Aeneid. This dissertation focuses on the most important four types of relationships and their expression in Aeneid, namely relationships between man and god, host and guest, old and young, love and marriage. This dissertation adopts the approach that ‘from the inside to symbol the outside’(“因内而符外”), to search the poetic expression forms of this classic. In view of Virgil’s status in the history of culture and epic, the research scope of this dissertation always focuses on the factors such as belief and culture of Greek and Roman times, paying special attention to the concern on the ‘interpersonal relationship’ theme of Virgil and the former poets such as Homer.This dissertation first expounds Virgil, as a ‘subjective poet’, his basic poetic characteristics, providing a path for analyzing his epic. Virgil valued the art needs of epic style and follows the principle of necessity in the plot setting and characters interrelationship narrating. He had a close relationship with readers and epic characters. His epic has distinctive positions and rich emotional qualities. Thereafter, this dissertation explores the concrete states of the four relationships in Virgil’s epic world and the characteristic of the poet's poetic expression mainly from two aspects. The first level, this dissertation respectively discusses the states of the four relationships in the epic, the showing and strengthening process of the epic hero Aeneas’s ‘piety’. Among them, ‘the relationship between man and god’ analyzes poet’s using and transformation of myth and legend, the influence of gods in the epic, and different types of man and god relationships. ‘The relationship between host and guest’ analyzes the formation of host-and-guest problem, the proposition of exile, Virgil’s disposal of host and guest relationship between Aeneas and strangers and affirmation of fine relationship between host and guest. ‘The relationship between old and young’ analyzes the deep affection between Anchises and Aeneas and all kinds of mutations brought to the old and young relationship by war. ‘The relationship between love and marriage’ analyzes the relation between love and marriage, between love and war, and the inevitability of Aeneas’s leaving Dido and killing Turnus.The second level, besides the discussion of ‘interpersonal relationships’, this dissertation transfers from the study of the contents to the poetics aspect; researches the poetic expression of these four interpersonal relationships, and analyzes Virgil’s methods of presenting the interpersonal relationships, the connection between the relationship presentation and the historical background, the tradition of epic style; therefore elucidating Virgil’s excellent narrative expression ability. The four relationships discussed in the dissertation are the relationships which are popular in the epic genre. Through exploring the concrete presentation and personalized expression of these relationships in Aeneid, this dissertation will reveal Virgil, as a ‘subjective poet’, his expression methods and characteristics, and discover his uniqueness and creativity in Greek and Roman epic tradition. Through these two-level discussion, the dissertation concludes that Virgil has an independent position in dealing with the tradition and the times. Virgil’s epic is for the age, and beyond the age. Virgil redefines the epic style in his own way, transforming the epic of heroic age into the epic under the background of urban civilization.