对于大多数斯里兰卡汉语学习者来说，声调非常陌生，而且是他们在学习汉语语音过程中最大的障碍。本文通过问卷，录音和访谈的方式对教师，汉语教学方法，学生学习方法，学生学习汉语声调时学生母语（僧伽罗语）产生的正、负迁移等方面的情况进行了调查，而且重点分析了斯里兰卡孔子学院学生与在中国留学的斯里兰卡汉语学习者在学习汉语声调时出现的偏误类型，并归纳总结了斯里兰卡汉语学习者声调偏误的主要原因：教师、学生、语言环境和母语负迁移。斯里兰卡汉语学习者读汉语单字四声时的特点是音高过低，音长过短。研究表明斯里兰卡汉语学习者学习汉语四个声调从难到易的顺序为：阳平、上声、阴平和去声。去声是他们发的最好的声调，阳平则最难，这是因为僧伽罗语没有音调，学生习惯于波浪式的朗读方式，并将其带入到汉语声调的学习中。最后针对声调偏误，本文提出了合理有效的教学建议，即声带控制练习，希望能对声调教学有所助益。

Tones are very unfamiliar to most Sri Lankan Chinese learners, and it is also the biggest obstacle in their learning Chinese phonetics. In this paper, questionnaires, recordings and interviews were conducted to find out the situation of teachers in class, Chinese teaching methods, learning methods of students, and the positive and negative effects of the students 'mother tongue ( Sinhala) when learning Chinese tones. And focus on the analysis of Sri Lankan Confucius Institute and Sri Lankan Chinese learners in China learning Chinese tone type, And summarized the Sri Lankan Chinese learners tone bias main reasons, mainly summarized as teachers, students, language environment, mother tongue negative transfer and so on. The characteristics of Sri Lankan Chinese learners in reading Chinese monophthongs are low pitch and too short tone quality. The study shows that the four tones of Chinese learners in Sri Lanka are easy to learn: second tone, third tone , first tone and fourth tone . fourth tone is the most easiest tone ton use ,second tone is the most difficult because there is no tone in Sinhala. Students are accustomed to reading aloud with wavy style and will be brought into the study of Chinese tone. In the end, the author puts forward reasonable and effective teaching suggestions for the tone errors, such as vocal cord control exercises, in the hope that it can be helpful to the tone teaching.