中国古代“儿童观”与“儿童形象”关系探论，旨在以西方话语为参照来发掘中国古代儿童观话语中蕴含的那些以往不为人知、低估或误解的价值，探讨其与古代文学中“儿童形象”塑造的关系，揭示出中国传统文化中长期被遮蔽的以“儿童本位”为导向的观念和价值。 根据历时性、影响力、经典性，结合中国思想史、中国文化史、中国教育史的研究成果，本研究选取关键节点的代表人物孔孟、老庄、颜之推、王阳明、李贽等作为主要论述对象，围绕“宠训”、“自然”、“童心”三种儿童观与儿童形象塑造的关系展开探讨。 “宠训”儿童观，是一种古人集宠爱和训导、慈幼和规范、爱护和教育于一体的儿童观念。这种观念强调感性认知、理性体悟、经验积累、知识学习等对儿童成长和发展的作用，影响了古代文学中智慧、勇敢、善良、真诚、孝顺等德行完备儿童形象的塑造。“自然”儿童观，是一种古人强调按照儿童天性，顺其自然，相信儿童可以实现自我发展的观念。“自然”观浸透在文学审美创造者的潜意识里，使得中国古代文学史中出现了符合儿童情趣、反映儿童日常生活、关注儿童情态的作品。这类儿童形象个性鲜明，类型丰富，或顽皮、天真，或羞涩、可爱，或勤奋、坚强。“童心”儿童观，是一种古人对儿童自然天性的向往和尊崇的观念。这类观点影响下的儿童形象充满生命力，常常与成人的百无聊赖相对应出现，处处浸润着古人对儿童自由精神、纯真天性的赞美和向往之情。 “宠训”、“自然”和“童心”三种儿童观念与儿童形象塑造的关系，揭示了中国古代以“儿童本位”为导向的观念和价值。因此，我们应对中国传统儿童观的价值给予充分的认同和阐释，力求在中西儿童观互通之处与新的儿童文学经验的基础上，寻找建构人类共同精神财富的儿童观念和儿童文学审美创造的可能性。

The purpose of the discussion on the Relation of the Views on Children with the Children’s Image of Ancient China is to explore the unknown, underestimated or mistaken value in the ancient Chinese language about views on children and to study its relation with the molding of the Children’s image in ancient literature and then to reveal the concept and value of children-centered that has long been hidden in traditional Chinese culture. Based on its history, influence and classic feature as well as combined with the intellectual history, cultural history and education history of China, the paper picks some representatives in the key periods of China’s history such as Confucius, Mencius, Lao Tzu, Chuang Tzu, Yan Zhitui, Wong Yangming and Lee Zhi as the discussion topic and talks over the relation of the molding of children’s image with the three views on children: love and teach, nature and children’s soul. Love and Teach is a concept that combines love and guiding, kindliness and rules, care and education. This concept emphasizes on sensitive cognition, rational understanding, experience accumulation and knowledge learning which are helpful to children’s growth and development and influenced the molding of children’s image with the characteristics of wisdom, bravery, kindness, honest and piety. Nature-centered views on children refer to a belief in children’s potential for self-realization based on their nature. This view has been penetrated in the sub-consciousness of many literary figures and has hence produced many literary works which reflected children’s daily life and emotion and fitted for their interest as well as showed distinct individuality with naughty, innocent, shy, lovely, diligent or strong characters. Children’s soul reflected the yearning and admiration of ancient Chinese to children’s nature and the their image is often energetic with the influence of this point of view which shows a great contract with the boring life of adults; the admiration of the ancient Chinese people to the children’s free spirit and naive nature is distinctively displayed here. The relation of the three views on children with the molding of children’s image indicates views and values of the children-centered concept. Thus, we should give full recognition and illustration to the traditional Chinese views on children and look for the possibility of creating more children’s literature based on more children’s images that is treasured by all the human beings.