纸笔测试一直是教学评价的主要手段之一，也是选拔人才的重要方式。随着我国基础教育课程改革的深入发展，素养为本的教育实践正在向前推进。如何在考试评价中体现核心素养的要求成为当前的重要研究课题。《普通高中思想政治课程标准（2017年版2020年修订）》提出了“指向核心素养及其关键行为表现，实现学科任务、评价情境、学科内容三者有机融合”的命题框架。2020年教育部考试中心颁布的《中国高考评价体系》指出情境即问题情境与情境活动是高考评价体系中的考查载体。高考评价体系中的“一核”考查目的、“四层”考查内容和“四翼”考查要求，是通过情境这一载体来落实的，即通过选取适宜素材，再现学科理论产生的场景或呈现现实中的情境，让学生在真实背景下发挥核心价值引领作用，运用必备知识和关键能力解决实际问题，全面综合展现学科核心素养水平。

评价情境的设计是基于学科核心素养的命题的关键，关乎着素养落地的教育改革推进，也是体现教师专业能力素养的要素之一。为此，本研究立足于思想政治学科，尝试探索基于学科核心素养的思想政治考试评价情境设计的原则和策略，以期帮助一线教师提高命题能力，提升命题质量，推动核心素养测评深入发展。本文分为四个主体部分：第二章对评价情境设计的相关概念、结构、类型进行区分，以《普通高中思想政治课程标准》、《中国高考评价体系》为依据，借鉴了比利时教育家易克萨维耶·罗日叶提出的情境类型学，在以辨别参数、内容参数、装扮参数为一级维度的基础上重构二级维度形成思想政治学科评价情境分析框架。第三章利用分析框架对近六年高考全国文综Ⅰ卷政治试题进行文本分析，找出当前思想政治考试评价情境设计存在的问题和提供的借鉴。第四章在前面梳理理论和文本分析的基础上，探索了基于学科核心素养的思想政治考试评价情境设计的五个原则：思想性与价值性相结合、真实性与结构性相结合、复杂性与适切性相结合、开放性与封闭性相适宜、多样性与新颖性相结合原则。以及以“立意—取材—加工—建构—呈现”为脉络的评价情境设计的策略。第五章将理论应用于实践中，以《哲学与文化》的学科内容为例，进行评价情境设计，从而检验理论的可行性。根据实际的测试反馈结果对评价情境的立意层面、建构层面和呈现层面进行了深入反思。

Paper and pen testing has always been one of the main means of teaching evaluation, but also an important way to select talents. With the further development of basic education curriculum reform in China, literacy-based educational practice is advancing.How to embody the requirement of core accomplishment in examination evaluation has become an important research topic.General High School Ideological and Political Curriculum Standards (2017 Edition 2020 Revised) put forward" pointing to the core literacy and its key behavior performance, to achieve the subject task, evaluation situation, subject content three organic integration "propositional framework.In 2020, the evaluation system of Chinese college entrance examination issued by the examination center of the Ministry of Education points out that problem situation and situational activity are the carrier of examination in the evaluation system of college entrance examination.The purpose of "one core" examination, the content of "four layers" examination and the requirement of "four wings" examination in the evaluation system of college entrance examination are carried out through the carrier of situation,That is, by selecting suitable materials, reproducing the scene produced by the subject theory or presenting the situation in reality, students can play a leading role in the core value under the real background, and use the necessary knowledge and key ability to solve practical problems. Comprehensive and comprehensive display of the core literacy level of the subject.

The design of evaluation situation is the key of the proposition based on the core accomplishment of the subject, which is related to the promotion of the educational reform of the landing of the accomplishment, and is also one of the elements teacher's professional ability accomplishment.Therefore, based on the ideological and political discipline, this study attempts to explore the principles and strategies of ideological and political evaluation situation design based on the core accomplishment of the subject, in order to help the first-line teachers improve their propositional ability and improve the quality of propositions. Promote the further development of core literacy evaluation.This paper is divided into four main parts:The second chapter distinguishes the concept, structure and types of the evaluation situation design. Based on the General High School Ideological and Political Curriculum Standards (2017 Edition 2020 Revised) and the evaluation system of Chinese college entrance examination, the situation typology proposed by the Belgian educator Iksaviero Riye is used for reference.On the basis of identifying parameters, content parameters and dressing up parameters as the first dimension, the second dimension is reconstructed to form the situational analysis framework of ideological and political subject evaluation.The third chapter uses the analysis frame to carry on the text analysis to the national college entrance examination comprehensive I volume political examination question in the last six years, obtains the present ideological and political appraisal situation design existence question and provides the reference.Chapter 4 explores the five principles of the situation design of ideological and political evaluation based on the core accomplishment of the subject based on the theory and text analysis:The combination of thought and value, authenticity and structure, complexity and appropriateness, openness and closeness, diversity and novelty.And the strategy of evaluating situational design based on idea material processing construction presentation.The fifth chapter applies the theory to practice, takes the subject content of Philosophy and Culture as an example, carries on the appraisal situation design, thus tests the theory feasibility.According to the actual test feedback results, the meaning level, construction level and presentation level of the evaluation situation are deeply reflected.