本文对我国2004-2017年30个省级行政单位的产能利用率和产业结构指数进行了分析测度，综合运用了面板回归模型、门槛回归模型和动态面板回归模型对全国地区和分地区视角下的产能利用率和产业结构之间关系进行较为全面的系统性研究。研究发现：（1）产能利用率与产业结构之间存在倒“U”型的非线性关系，且这种关系在中部地区和西部地区更显著；（2）产能利用率的提高对产业结构具有显著的抑制作用，并且该作用具有明显的门槛效应，当产能利用率越高时对产业结构的抑制效应越明显；（3）产能利用率对产业结构的影响具有时滞性，即产业结构指数的前一期对产业结构指数当期有显著的促进作用，全国产能利用率对产业结构指数的非线性关系明显，但对东中西地区的的线性关系较非线性关系更为显著。

    本文从如下角度做了带有创新性的研究尝试：第一，选择产能利用率为产业结构研究的切入点，剖析它对产业结构的影响机制，研究视角较为新颖；；第二，本文使用动态面板模型等分析工具，在一定程度上克服了内生性的困扰，保障了估计结果的一致性；第三，研究维度包括30个省级行政单位截止至2017年的最新情况,能较为全面和细致地反映我国近年来产能利用率和产业结构间的关系。

This paper uses the relevant data of 30 provinces in China from 2004 to 2017 to measure the capacity utilization rate and industrial structure index.,the integrated use of a panel regression model, the threshold regression model and dynamic panel regression model for national region and points under the perspective of capacity utilization and the relationship between the industrial structure for a more comprehensive systemic research. The results show that :(1) there is an inverted u-shaped nonlinear relationship between capacity utilization and industrial structure, which is more significant in the central and western regions. (2) the improvement of capacity utilization has a significant inhibitory effect on the industrial structure, and this effect has an obvious threshold effect. The higher the capacity utilization is, the more obvious the inhibitory effect on the industrial structure is. (3) the effect of capacity utilization on industrial structure has a time delay, that is, the previous period of industrial structure index has a significant promoting effect on industrial structure index in the current period. The non-linear relationship between national capacity utilization rate and industrial structure index is obvious, but the linear relationship between eastern and western regions is more significant than the non-linear relationship.

This paper makes innovative research attempts from the following perspectives: first, this paper choose the capacity utilization ratio as the entry point of industrial structure research, analyze its impact mechanism on the industrial structure, the research perspective is relatively new; Secondly, the dynamic panel model and other analytical tools are used to overcome the problem of endogeneity to a certain extent and ensure the consistency of the estimated results. Thirdly, the research dimension includes the latest situation of 30 provincial administrative units up to 2017, which can reflect the relationship between capacity utilization rate and industrial structure in China in recent years in a comprehensive and detailed way.