研究目的：
国家对身体素质和睡眠质量近年来非常重视，近几年出台很多相关政策来提高大学生的体质健康水平，本研究以提高女大学生身体素质及睡眠质量为目的，以篮球训练和排球训练为干预手段，通过对比篮球、排球训练后身体素质情况以及睡眠情况，探究篮球、排球运动哪一项运动对女大学生身体素质和睡眠质量影响更大,期望在之后为女大学生进行球类运动时可以更有针对性的选择。
研究方法：
我采用了文献资料法检索了以“大学生”“身体素质”“睡眠质量”“篮球运动”等关键词的数篇论文及相关文献，为本研究提供了理论依据。运用实验法招募了北京师范大学64名女大学生为受试者，大学生经过招募分别进入篮球实验组（n=23)、排球实验组(n=21)、空白对照组(n=20)。排球、篮球运动组女大学生会分别进行为期8周的运动干预，每周两次，每次90分钟，空白对照组不进行运动，期间尽量减少其他运动项目，干预前后对其实验组进行身体素质测试，包括力量测试、平衡测试、耐力测试、速度测试、爆发力测试，干预前后对学生发放匹兹堡睡眠质量量表（PSQI）对受试者睡眠质量情况进行评估，干预前发放65份，回收64份，回收率98%，收集到的数据使用excel表格、SPSS26.0统计分析软件进行统计。
研究结果：
在进行八周篮球排球运动干预后，对北京师范女大学生身体素质均有改善，篮球组的学生50米成绩由9.42秒提升到了9.09秒，有显著的提升（P＜0.05），排球组的学生50米成绩由9.9秒提升到了9.5秒，也有着显著的提升（P＜0.01），篮球组3分钟台阶实验，成绩113.96次每分钟提升到102.04次每分钟，产生了非常显著的变化（p＜0.01），篮球组的坐位体前屈平均成绩由13.68厘米提升到13.75厘米，提升不显著，排球组的平均成绩由13.76厘米提升至15.76厘米，有非常显著的效果（P＜0.01），篮球组握力成绩学生成绩基本保持不变，排球组学生握力成绩25.11kg提升至26.42kg，成绩提升较大，但是不显著，篮球组立定跳远成绩由167.3厘米提升至171.4厘米，具有显著性差异（P＜0.05），排球组成绩由165.3厘米提升至170.8厘米，具有非常显著的效果（P＜0.05）。篮球组燕式平衡成绩从17.65秒到20.87秒，有显著的提高（P＜0.05），排球组有小幅提升，但是不显著。通过组间对比发现50米成绩篮球组有显著性效果（P＜0.05）。
（2）在进行八周篮球排球干预后，篮球组，排球组睡眠质量都有了改善。篮球运动的睡眠平均分从7.08分提升至6.04分产生了显著的效果（P＜0.05），排球组由8.21分提升至6.53分，产生了显著的差异（P＜0.05），通过组间比较发现篮球组对比排球组更具有显著性效果（P＜0.05）。
研究结论：
（1）8周的篮球训练和排球训练可以改善女大学生的身体素质，其中篮球运动在速度、耐力、力量、平衡方面都要好于排球，排球运动在提升柔韧方面要优于篮球运动。
（2）8周的篮球训练和排球训练可以改善女大学生的睡眠质量，在改善睡眠质量方面篮球效果优于排球。

Objective: 
To explore the effects of basketball and volleyball on the physical fitness and sleep quality of female college students by using basketball and volleyball training as intervention methods, and to compare the intervention effects of basketball and volleyball training on the physical fitness and sleep quality of female college students, and to put forward different exercise suggestions according to the effect of training.
Research 
I used the literature review method to search for several papers and related literature with keywords such as "college students", "physical fitness", "sleep quality", and "basketball sports", providing a theoretical basis for this study. 65 female college students from Beijing Normal University were recruited as subjects using experimental methods. The students were recruited into the basketball experimental group (n=23), volleyball experimental group (n=21), and blank control group (n=20). The female college students in the volleyball and basketball groups will receive an 8-week exercise intervention, twice a week for 90 minutes each time. The blank control group will not engage in exercise and will try to reduce other sports during this period. Before and after the intervention, the experimental group will undergo physical fitness tests, including strength tests, balance tests, endurance tests, speed tests, and explosive power tests. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inventory (PSQI) will be distributed to the students before and after the intervention to evaluate the sleep quality of the subjects. 65 samples will be distributed before the intervention, and 64 samples will be collected. The collected data will be analyzed using Excel tables and SPSS statistical analysis software.
Results:
(1) After eight weeks of basketball and volleyball sports intervention, the physical fitness of female college students in Beijing Normal University were improved. The 50-meter performance of students in the basketball group improved from 9.42 seconds to 9.09 seconds, with a significant (p < 0.05) improvement, the 50-meter performance of students in the volleyball group improved from 9.9 seconds to 9.5 seconds, which also had a significant (p < 0.01) improvement, and the basketball group's 3-minute step test Produced a very significant change (p < 0.01), the average performance of the basketball group from 13.68 cm to 13.75 cm, the improvement is not significant, the average performance of the volleyball group from 13.76 cm to 15.76 cm, there is a significant (p < 0.01) effect, the basketball group grip strength achievement student achievement basically remained unchanged, the volleyball group students grip strength achievement 25.11 kg to 26.42 kg, achievement improvement to 26.42kg, the results improved more, but not significant basketball group standing long jump results from 167.3 cm to 171.4 cm, with significant (p < 0.05) difference, volleyball group results from 165.3 cm to 170.8 cm, with a very significant (p < 0.01) effect. There was a significant (p < 0.05) improvement in the basketball group's swallow balance performance from 17.65 seconds to 20.87 seconds, while the volleyball group had a small but insignificant improvement.
(2) After eight weeks of basketball-volleyball intervention, the basketball group, and the volleyball group showed improvement in sleep quality. The mean sleep score for basketball improved from 7.08 to 6.04 producing a significant (P < 0.05) effect, and the volleyball group improved from 8.21 to 6.53, producing a significant (P < 0.05) difference.
Conclusions:
(1) 8 weeks of basketball training and volleyball training can improve the physical fitness of female college students, among which basketball is better than volleyball in terms of speed, endurance, strength and balance, and volleyball is better than basketball in improving flexibility.
(2) Eight weeks of basketball training and volleyball training could improve the sleep quality of female college students, and basketball was better than volleyball in improving sleep quality.