时下，高校“水课”问题备受关注。随着相关文件出台，“水课”这一口语化概念上升为政策术语，有必要对其进行深入分析，以为政策实践提供现实参考。

本研究采用扎根理论的研究方法，对“水课”的类型、特征及生成机制进行分析。研究显示，大学生判断“水课”的标准可以分为质量“水”、易“划水”和课程特性“水”三类。据此能够归纳出学生口中的两种“水课”类型：实质型“水课”和虚假型“水课”。由“学校制度——教师投入/学生投入——‘水课’”这条主线产生的五条子路径是实质型“水课”在高校生成的重要机制。学生对此呈现出又爱又恨的态度，体现了大学生对于学习收获的渴求与现实压力下精力有限之间的张力。虚假型“水课”则是在学生的压力与动力、教师的默许与“放水”共同作用下的产物，学生普遍认为这是“给大学生的福利”。

对“水课”现象深入剖析，可以发现其揭示了我国人才评价制度的单一化、大学教学文化的功利性、大学教风学风的浮躁化这三方面的问题，当代高校教师群体和学生群体的特征也为“水课”形成起到了催化作用。研究认为应从克服大学过度功利化、推进课程改革和人才评价制度改革、发挥教师和学生的主动性等方面入手，重塑大学教学文化，回归大学本真。

Nowadays, the issue of "Blow Off Class" in universities has attracted much attention. With the introduction of relevant documents, the colloquial concept has been elevated to a policy term, and it is necessary to analyze it in depth in order to provide a realistic reference for policy practice.

This study analyzes the types, characteristics, and generating mechanisms of "Blow Off Class" based on grounded theory. According to the study, the criteria for college students to judge "Blow Off Class" can be divided into three categories: gain-nonsensical, input-ease to muddle through and course features-unappreciated. Accordingly, we can summarize two types of "water lessons" from the students: substantive "Blow Off Class" and experiential "Blow Off Class". The five sub-paths arising from the main line "school systems - teacher input/student input - 'Blow Off Class'" are important mechanisms for the generation of substantive "Blow Off Class" in universities. Students present a love-hate attitude towards this, reflecting the contradiction between college students' thirst for learning gains and their limited energy under realistic pressure. The experiential "Blow Off Class" is the product of students' initiative, teachers' acquiescence and lowered requirements, which is considered as "welfare for college students".

An in-depth analysis of "Blow Off Class" reveals three problems: the unicity of China's talent evaluation system, the utilitarianism of teaching culture, and the impetuousness of university. The characteristics of contemporary university faculty and students also play a catalytic role in the formation of "Blow Off Class". The study suggests that we should start from overcoming the excessive utilitarianism of universities, promoting the reform of curriculum system and the talent evaluation system, and giving full play to the initiative of teachers and students, so as to reshape the teaching culture of universities and get back to the essence of universities.