安全生产关系到人民群众的生命财产安全、国民经济持续快速健康发展和社会安全稳定的大局。改革开放以来，随着计划经济体制的终结和市场经济体制的确立，经济成分多元化带来了我国经济建设加速发展时期，同时也进入了生产安全事故的易发期、多发期。目前我国政府安全生产监管领域存在许多问题：重管理轻服务、执法人员数量不足、执法人员业务素质不高、监管对象多、执法检查效率低下等；企业在安全生产方面也存在许多问题：重效益轻安全、安全投入少、安全管理人员水平低、作业现场安全隐患多，生产安全事故多发等。随着我国改革开放的不断深入，政府改革创新也随着时代要求不断推进，政府职能由全能型政府向服务型政府转变，安全生产监管监察领域也不断掀起改革创新浪潮，河南省安阳市A区安全生产隐患排查市场化运作就是其中的一例。A区为解决监管人员少、专业水平不高等问题，在深入调查研究的基础上，将安全生产隐患排查服务市场化，由政府出资向中介机构购买安全生产服务，所有企业免费享受高水平安全生产服务并按照要求整改隐患，提高企业安全水平。本文认为，安全生产投入具有外部性，不仅使企业自身及其员工受益，还有很大的社会收益。但企业不可能将安全生产的收益完全内部化，其私人收益小于社会收益，企业从自身利益最大化角度出发提供的安全生产投入数量必然低于社会需求的最优数量。因此，企业安全生产投入不足，产生安全生产资源配置的市场失灵。市场失灵的存在在很大程度上为政府干预提供了理由。政府通过提供公共产品、进行公共规制等手段，与市场共同配置资源。但政府因存在不完全信息、政府官员行为目标与公共利益的差异、政府决策机制的内在障碍、政府运行效率问题、寻租等问题，而产生安全生产资源配置的政府失灵。正由于上述原因，在安全生产工作中，政府与企业之间呈现“博弈”关系，政府和市场在其经济行为中存在各自的优势和不足，但均无法实现安全生产资源的最优配置。在市场经济条件下，政府与市场间应引入行业协会等非营利组织，使每个参与方在追求各自利益的同时，也能达到总体设定的目标。本文以公共经济学的公共产品理论分析了河南省安阳市A区隐患排查服务市场化案例，分析了该案例中政府购买安全生产服务的优势、缺陷和不足，同时对如何进一步为企业提供更好更优质的安全生产服务提出了建议。

Work safety is related to people's lives and property safety, the sustained, rapid and healthy development of the national economy and also the social stability of the overall situation. Since the reform and opening up, with the end of the planned economy system and the establishment of market economy system, diversified economic elements brought a period of accelerated development of China's economic construction, but also into a work safety accident-prone period. We are currently experiencing many problems in the field of government supervision regarding work safety, overweight of management while lightweight services, lack of number of law enforcement officers, low law enforcement officers work ability with high number of supervision subjects, inefficiency of law enforcement and inspection. Businesses also have many problems in work safety: overweight on effectiveness while light weight security, lack of investment in safety and security management, high risk on job site safety, frequent work safety accidents. With the deepening of China's reform and opening up, government reform and innovation continue to push forward, the functions of the government is transitioning from an all capable-government to a service-oriented government, the field of work safety supervision and monitoring also constantly set off waves of reform and innovation. The marketization of eliminating work safety hidden danger of A District of AnYang,HeNan is one example. In order to resolve the issue s of lack regulatory staff, low in professional level, A District went marketization on work safety hazards investigation. Funded by the government to buy the work safety services from public agencies, businesses enjoy the free high level work safety services and rectify hazards accordance with the requirements, hence improve their safety level.This paper argues that, the input for work safety has externalities, not only the business but also and employees will benefit from it, as well as the great social gains. Businesses cannot keep all the income from work safety internally, the individual income is less than the social benefits, and number of work safety inputs originated from companies who want to maximize their own benefits must be inevitably lower than the optimal number of social needs. Therefore, lack of work safety inputs will result in market failure of work safety resource allocation. The existence of market failures provides a reason for government intervention. Government, through the provision of public goods, public regulation, allocate resources along with the market. But due to the presence of incomplete information of the government, the differences between the target of government officials and the public interest, the inherent obstacles of government decision-making mechanism, problem with the government-run efficiency, rent-seeking and many other issues, which cause the government failure of work safety resource allocation. Precisely because of the above reasons, in the working of the work safety, presents the "game" relationship between government and business, government and the market in their economic behavior both have strengths and weaknesses, but were unable to achieve the optimal allocation of work safety resources. Under the conditions of market economy, the government and the market should be introduced to industry associations and non-profit organizations such that parties of participation while pursuing their own interest in the work safety, but also to achieve the overall set goals.This paper analyzes the case of A District of AnYang,HeNan on elimination of hazard in marketization of public services in work safety, and the advantage , shortcomings and deficiencies of government purchase of public services in work safety and suggested how to provide better the quality of work safety public services.