大米是世界上最重要的粮食之一，尤其是在把米饭当主食的亚洲地区。大米的生产、消费与贸易大多集中在亚洲地区，可是在亚洲地区，生产的大米大部分被用于国内消费，其余部分才进入国际市场，这一现象在世界主要大米出口国——泰国尤为明显。大米对泰国人来说十分重要，可以说“大米是泰国人的生命”。因为大米不仅是泰国人的主食、农民收入的主要来源、还是大部分国民的生命根本。以前，泰国人种植大米的主要目的是满足国内的需求，但随着全球大米市场的快速发展，大米已经成为泰国贸易的主要出口产品。近二十年来，在国际贸易中,泰国一直处于世界大米出口前列。除了美国、欧盟、日本、东盟以及非洲国家与中东国家了以外，中国是泰国大米进出口贸易的主要合作伙伴，两国的关系始终相互信任、友好，交往十分密切。随着中泰双方大米贸易量的不断增长，这样就有必要对中泰大米贸易的现状、类别和竞争力等问题进行研究，从而提出相关建议。调查结果显示，中国与泰国的大米贸易，从1991年以来，泰国出口大米到中国的价格一直都是再波动的，这种波动主要是根据两国那一年的大米产量。虽然泰国向中国出口大米的数量不是逐年增加，可是总量一直呈现出增加的趋向。泰国出口到中国的主要大米种类有白米、糯米、碎米与茉莉香米。在1991年至2000年，2001年至2010年期间泰国向中国出口的大米种类发生了变化，就是后期出现了一种新的品种即茉莉香米。中国加入了世界贸易组织与跟东盟建立了10+1自由贸易区之后，实行了增加对大米的进口配额与减少超过配额的关税，此外还对进口过程采取妥协的措施。可是实际上每一年泰国出口到中国的大米数量却都远远低于中国的限定量的多，这个是因为申请进口大米配额的规则与程序还有诸多限制，其次中国利用了非关税障碍来作为进口壁垒。泰国大米在中国市场的竞争力,可以从份额的角度来看分析，1991年至2010年泰国大米在中国市场的竞争优势越来越减少,主要的原因是价格，尤其是当跟重要的竞争对手相比------越南。但是，根据泰国大米在中国市场贸易竞争优势指数来看，泰国大米在中国市场占有非常主动的竞争力。将来，泰国出口大米到中国还会遇到很多问题。例如，非关税障碍，泰国大米的价格竞争力以及泰国国内的对于大米实施的诸多政策等问题。

“Rice” is one of the most important foods in the world, especially Asia, The Asian normally consume rice as staple food. South East Asia is the land of production, consumption and trading of rice. But, rice production in Asia are mostly used for domestic consumption, and the rest are used for export, e.g. Thailand. “Rice” is very important for Thai as the sentence said : ”Rice is life of Thai”. Rice is the main food of Thai, and it also be the main income of farmers in Thailand. In the past, rice cultivation is aimed to consume within the country only, due to the rapid growth of rice market, rice has become the representative of export portion of Thailand. In international business, Thailand still be one of the highest rice exporters in the world, moreover, Thailand was the highest rice exporter in the rank for 20 consecutive years. Apart from U.S.A., Europe, Japan, Asean, Africa and the Middle East, the one of rice trade partners of Thailand is China. Because of high growth of rice trading between these 2 countries, this research focuses on rice trading situation, categories, trade impact of 2 countries and other suggestions.According to the rice trading research between Thailand and China from 1991 onward, the exported quantities from Thailand to China have been unstable, it depended on the production quantities within a year. Even the number of rice export does not increase year by year, it will trend to grow up in the long run. The major rice categories which are exported to China are white rice, glutinous rice, broken rice, and jasmine rice. Between 1991 to 2000 and 2001 to 2010, the export trend was changed owing to Thailand has revealed a new form of consumed rice, jasmine rice. After China became a member of WTO, and Free-trade agreement (FTA) between China and Asean was signed, there is increasing in the number of importing rice quota; and there is decreasing in taxes of excessive imported rice quota. Besides, China has launched the policy to reduce the process of importing. In contrast, the imported rice quantity from Thailand each year is less than what Chinese government expected since China applies Non-tax barriers to the rice trading partner countries.Revealed Comparative Advantage Index (RCA) between 1991 to 2010 has indicated that, the competitive price of Thai’s rice in Chinese market will trend to decrease because the price is higher than competitive rice cultivation country, e.g.Vietnam. And, Trade Specialization Coefficient Index (TC) show that, Thailand has a perfect competitive price in China.In the near future, rice exporting from Thailand to China still faces with many related problems, for example, Non-tariff barriers, pricing barriers, domestic rice selling policies, etc.