党的十八大以来，习近平总书记强调生态文明建设的重要性，将建设美丽中国与中国梦、人民福祉、党执政能力紧密联系起来。党的十九大报告更是将“坚持人与自然和谐共生”作为新时代中国特色社会主义基本方略提了出来，是生态文明建设进入新时代的科学指南。 本文对习近平生态文明思想及其现实意义的研究围绕四个部分展开，即习近平生态文明思想的理论来源，背景与形成历程，基本蕴涵，现实意义。其中理论来源、背景与形成历程、基本蕴涵这三部分展现了习近平生态文明思想较为完整的内容，最后一部分从对马克思主义的理论贡献以及对中国和世界发展的实践意义两方面阐明了习近平生态文明思想的现实意义。这四个部分共同构成了一个统一的整体。 习近平生态文明思想立足于中国发展现实和世界发展趋势，将马克思主义经典作家关于人与自然关系的论述、中国传统生态智慧、中国共产党人的生态实践有机融合。关于生态环境生产力的思想、人与自然和谐共生的理念、生态文明建设以人民为中心的思想，实现了习近平生态文明思想对马克思主义的重大理论和实践创新。习近平总书记以更宽广的国际视野，将生态价值拓展为全人类的共同价值，主张为全球生态治理提供新思路和新方案。

Since the 18th national congress, general Secretary Xi Jinping has emphasized the importance of the construction of ecological civilization, closely linked the building a beautiful China with the Chinese dream of great national renewal, the well-being of people and the Party's governing ability. In the report of Nineteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, he put forward "ensuring harmony between human and nature"as one of the basic policies on socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era, which has made theoretical explanation and practical exploration for the construction of ecological civilization into the new era. The study on Xi Jinping's thought of ecological civilization and its practical significance divided into four parts, including the theoretical sources, the background and formation process, the core connotation, the theoretic value and the practical meaning. The first three parts of article show the complete content of Xi Jinping's ecological civilization thought. The last part analyze the practical significance of Xi Jinping’s ecological civilization thought, from the significant theoretical contribution to Marxist ecological thought and the practical significance for the development of China and the world. These five parts formed a unified whole. Xi Jinping's thought of ecological civilization is based on the reality of China's development and the trend of world development. It integrates Marxist discourse on the relationship between man and nature, Chinese traditional ecological wisdom and the ecological practice of the Communists of China. The thought of eco-environmental productivity, the idea of harmonious coexistence between man and nature, and the thought of people-centered construction of ecological civilization have achieved great theoretical and practical innovation of Marxism. General Secretary Xi Jinping, with a broader world view, expands the ecological value to the common value of all mankind, advocates providing new ideas and schemes for global ecological governance.