救灾体系不仅庞大规模，而且较为复杂。作为其组成的一部分，救灾物资储备库是体系能够运行的有效支撑。必须在有充足物资储备的条件下，救援机制才能够实现快速启动，才能够为救援活动提供全面的物质支持，才能够为群众的生活及生命安全提供有力保障。然而，因国内工作重心及历史原因的影响，使得在救灾物资储备库方面缺乏相关理论研究与实践经验，特别是地方救灾物资储备库建设尚处在发展初期，因而构建完善的地方救灾物资储备库是完善我国储备体系的重点工作。 基于上述问题，本文以黑龙江省救灾物资储备库为研究对象，分析了黑龙江省救灾物资储备库现状及研究成果，并在此基础上对救灾物资储备库涉及的两个方面：选址影响因素的确定和救灾物资储备库的选址进行分析。在影响因素确定的研究过程中，分析总结了黑龙江省救灾物资储备库选址的现状及存在的主要问题，并提出各类影响因素；在此基础上，构建了自然条件、国际救援能力、储备成本、国际交通条件四大影响因素在内的指标体系，运用层次分析法确定了各类指标的权重，进而为救灾物资储备库的综合评分提供依据。在救灾物资储备库的选址研究中，计算黑龙江省13个地级市（地区）备选储备点的综合指数，选择综合值排名较前的点作为备选储备地，通过选址方案对比，确定哈尔滨、黑河、牡丹江3个地区构建救灾物资储备库的方案最为合理；最后提出了健全救灾物资储备体系、合理规划设计救灾物资储备库、联动省内及中俄救灾物资管理部门、提高救灾物资储备库信息化水平等救灾物资储备库选址改进建议。 本文提出的救灾物资储备库选址影响因素确定及救灾物资储备库的选址方法对救灾物资储备结构及储备布局的确定具有一定的理论意义，为今后的救灾物资储备库建设与研究提供基础依据，为国际救灾储备库规划和建设提供了参考。

As one of the most important part of disaster relief operation which is a complicated and gigantic issue, the disaster relief depot provides a guarantee for activating rescue mechanism and delivering humanitarian aid to affected areas. So far, researches on the building and planning of disaster relief depot are still inadequate in China. The construction of disaster relief depots at provincial levels is especially at a preliminary stage, which needs to be improved. Based on the above issues, this article discusses the status quo and researches of disaster relief depots in Heilongjiang, analyzing determining factors and depot locations. During this process, this article studies factors including natural conditions, relief operation, cost of storage and traffic accessibility by applying Analytic Hierarchy Process with for all possible scenarios. After evaluating alternative locations in 13 cities, it is suggested Harbin, Heihe and Mudanjiang are the three best locations for building disaster relief depots in Heilongjiang. And this article proposes ways to improve disaster relief depot network, better the planning of depot construction, optimize joint operation of Chinese and Russian disaster relief authorities, increase the building of disaster relief information system. The proposed methods in this article on determining factors and depot locations is theoretically practical and instrumental to China’s future efforts on building disaster relief depots as well as tending to give reference for international counterparts.