在新课程改革的背景下，我国教育理念发生了重大变化，传统教学方式已经不能满足新形势的要求。如何调动学生的学习兴趣，创设轻松和谐的课堂教学环境，是摆在现在所有历史教师面前的现实难题。在广大教师的探索中，情境教学由于其良好的教学效果得到了大家的青睐，历史教师尤其喜欢角色扮演教学法。全文主要分三部分，第一部分主要对情境教学模式和角色扮演教学法做了科学阐释，对两者的科学概念和理论依据进行了探讨。第二部分是对角色扮演教学法在中学历史情境教学中的运用情况进行了说明，概括了角色扮演的基本操作步骤，并对角色扮演和人们常说的历史情景剧划清界限。第三部分重主要探讨了角色扮演教学法在历史教学实践中出现的种种问题，并针对这些问题提出了解决的建议，为历史教学工作的发展提供借鉴。

In the context of the new curriculum reform, Educational Conception in China has undergone major changes, he traditional teaching methods can't meet the requirements of the new situation. Mobilizing students' Interest in learning, creating a relaxed and harmonious classroom teaching environment, these are practical problem in all history teachers. The majority of teachers prefer to use situational teaching, History teachers especially like role-playing.This thesis consists of three chapters. Chapters One has the scientific explanation on situational teaching mode and role-playing pedagogy. Chapters Two Described Role-playing pedagogy in situational teaching of high school history, Outlined the basic steps of role-playing. The third part mainly discussed the problems of Role-playing in the practice of the history teaching and Proposed to solve these problems recommendations.