本文以风蚀坑为例，对内蒙古东北地区的呼伦贝尔沙地的风沙沉积现象及风沙沉积物的理化性质进行了采样分析。结果显示:在内蒙古呼伦贝尔沙地的风沙沉积过程中，主要是细砂占了沉积物质量的大部分，质量分数均在65%以上，由风蚀坑的迎风坡到坑后积沙带，沉积物的粒径变小，粗砂的含量减小，细砂的含量逐渐增加;同时，沉积物中有机质的含量增加，主要养分含量中磷、钾的比例基本没有发生变化，都与地壳中的元素含量相近，但由于氮元素在土壤中的固定是由生物体来完成的，因此其含量随有机质质量分数的改变呈同步曲线变化;另外，本文还分析了沉积物理化性质与当地自然环境之间的关系，并总结出风蚀沙化产生的原因。总之，呼伦贝尔沙地的沙化应当引起重视，以减轻人类活动对草原的压力，并且要合理开发和利用草地资源，迅速治理和恢复草原的生态环境，最终实现区域经济的可持续发展。

This study did sampling analysis on deposit of sands and its chemical and physical characteristics in Hulunbeir desert in northeastern Inner Mongolia by taking blowouts as the example. The results show that during the process of deposit of sands in Hulunbeir desert, fine sand dominates the mass of deposit with a mass fraction of over 65%, and that the diameter of deposit decreases from in stoss slopes to in sandy belts behind blowouts with fine sands increasing and sands reducing. In the meantime, the content of organic matter in deposit increases, and the ratio of Phosphorus and Potassium remain the same as in the lithosphere. Yet the content of Nitrogen increases with the mass fraction of organic matter, since nitrogen fixation is done by organism in soil. Besides, this study analyzed the relationship between deposit chemical and physical characteristics and local natural environment, and concluded the causes of wind and sand erosion. The desertification of Hulunbeir desert should be given attention, and measures should be taken to alleviate the human disturbance on natural grasslands. The grassland resources should be utilized and developed properly to quickly restore the natural environment of grasslands, thus to realize the sustainable development of regional economy.