农民上楼是我国近年来农村社会研究的热点内容，农民上楼的实践包含着土地财政和金融资本的复杂互动关系，从中也能够窥探我国新世纪以来的城镇化发展路径。农民上楼过程既能够体现国家、地方、村级组织、农民之间的互动关系，也能够帮助理解土地、财政、市场在推进国家建设中的作用机制。学术界一般以自上而下、资本下乡的角度来研究农民上楼，在这样的研究路径下，农民在上楼过程中扮演的是被动上楼角色。本文则立足农民上楼的具体实践过程，研究叶村农民上楼的社会结构背景与村集体在这一结构下的行动过程，从而探索农民上楼的乡村治理逻辑。

叶村位于东部沿海省份城市近郊，叶村的上楼过程自有其特殊性。叶村村集体在分田到户时期就有保留集体土地资产的举措，而后通过土地流转、农民上楼、公墓搬迁，将大量土地资源集中在集体手中并用于发展集体经济，同时也反馈村民，农村社会生活的面貌焕然一新，最终呈现出的成果是由落后负债村到全国治理示范村的历时性跨越。叶村农民上楼是山东省轰轰烈烈上楼浪潮中的一则成功案例，自然也是土地、财政、市场一体推动的结果。但是农民上楼带来的新型农村社区，其发育离不开村集体的主动作为、也必须考量农民身处其中做出的生活选择。

对于农民上楼，地方政府、村级组织、村民都有其行动逻辑和结构支撑。地方政府为了推进城市化建设以增加财政收入，村级组织则借此实现权力升值，主动发展集体经济，叶村村民在农民上楼过程中并非被动承受，而是结合家庭生计模式和生活愿景而进行抉择。在此基础上，叶村村集体“积极行政”，带领农民把握机会，通过整合集体土地资源带动集体经济的发展，并在此过程中充分考虑村民的得失损益，作为“公益经营者”主导上楼之后新型农村社区的建设，推动了农民社会生活水平的综合提高。本文认为，农民上楼需要顺势而为：依托基层社会结构的特征，提升基层政府和村级组织的判断和治理能力，这样才能更好地应对基层社会日益复杂和剧烈的社会变迁。

Farmers going upstairs has been a hot topic in rural social research in China in recent years. The practice of farmers going upstairs involves a complex interactive relationship between land finance and financial capital, which can also reveal the path of urbanization development in China since the new century. The process of farmers going upstairs can not only reflect the interactive relationship between the state, local, village level organizations, and farmers, but also help understand the mechanisms of land, finance, and market in promoting national construction. The academic community generally studies farmers going upstairs from the perspective of top-down and capital going to the countryside. Under this research path, farmers play a passive role in the process of going upstairs. This article is based on the specific practical process of farmers going upstairs, studying the social structure background of farmers going upstairs in Ye Village and the action process of the village collective under this structure, in order to explore the rural governance logic of farmers going upstairs.

Ye Village is located in the suburbs of cities in the eastern coastal provinces, and the process of climbing the stairs in Ye Village has its own unique characteristics. The collective of Yecun Village has taken measures to preserve collective land assets during the period of dividing farmland into households. Then, through land transfer, farmers going upstairs, and relocation of cemeteries, a large amount of land resources are concentrated in the hands of the collective and used for the development of the collective economy. At the same time, feedback is also given to the villagers, and the rural social life has taken on a new look. The final result presented is a historic leap from backward debt villages to national governance demonstration villages. The farmers in Ye Village who went upstairs is a successful case in the magnificent wave of going upstairs in Shandong Province, and naturally it is also the result of the integration of land, finance, and market. However, the development of the new rural community brought about by farmers going upstairs cannot be separated from the active actions of the village collective, and must also consider the life choices made by farmers in it.

For farmers going upstairs, local governments, village level organizations, and villagers all have their own action logic and structural support. In order to promote urbanization construction and increase fiscal revenue, local governments use village level organizations to achieve power appreciation and actively develop collective economy. Ye Village villagers do not passively bear the burden when farmers go upstairs, but make choices based on their family livelihood model and life vision. On this basis, Ye Village's collective "active administration" led farmers to seize opportunities, drive the development of the collective economy by integrating collective land resources, and fully considered the gains and losses of villagers in this process. As a "public welfare operator", they led the construction of new rural communities after going upstairs, promoting the comprehensive improvement of farmers' social living standards. This paper believes that farmers need to take advantage of the situation when they go upstairs: relying on the characteristics of the grass-roots social structure, improve the judgment and governance ability of the grass-roots government and village level organizations, so as to better cope with the increasingly complex and intense Social change of the grass-roots society.