目前我们处于第三代远程教育——网络教育时代，网络学习已成为这一时代的主导学习方式，发挥着越来越重要的作用。随之发生变化的还有学习观念，从被动的、机械的接受学习向主动的、探索型的自主学习转变，而网络学习环境下的学习资源、交流工具、学习支持工具为网络自主学习提供了技术上的可能，促进了其成为目前网络学习环境下最为重要的一种学习方式。然而，自主学习的“自主”是相对的，加上网络学习环境的开放性和网络自主学习者本身自控能力较弱、缺乏信息化学习经验等特征，对网络自主学习的评价更显得重要。学习过程是学习者发现问题、解决问题、完成知识重构的过程，对学习过程的评价有利于及时对学习过程进行监控和判断，便于及时找出错误调整学习进度学习方法。目前对网络学习过程评价的研究宏观上集中于评价观念、原则的阐述，微观上多为介绍将某种新型技术用于网络学习过程性评价的流程或系统开发。对评价指标体系的研究还较少，已有的少数研究也过于简单笼统，描述明确性和可操作性较弱。本研究在对网络自主学习相关理论和评价工具、评价方法进行理论调研的基础上，结合中央广播电视大学、网络教育公司等网络学习过程性考核项目实践经验，设计开发了对自主学习过程能力需求涵盖全面并具有可操作性网络自主学习过程性评价指标体系，并通过Delphi法进行了修改完善和权威性验证。之后根据高等教育自学考试注册网络过程性考核试点单位——江西蓝天学院的项目实施具体情况和切实需求，设计出了基于本研究设计和开发的网络自主学习过程性评价指标体系，又符合试点院校项目实施情况的评价方案，并结合本研究，对试点院校已有的项目实施情况进行了分析和总结，在此基础上提出了改进建议。本研究的成果能够为我国现代网络教育的过程性评价提供理论指导，为网络教育机构设计和实施网络自主学习过程性考核项目方案提供依据和参照。

Online learning has become the main learning approach in the third generation distance education and plays more and more important role. What changed with it is the concept of learning, from passive and inflexible receptive learning to positive and exploring learning. The mass and multimedia learning resource, flexible communication tools and continuously come-out learning support tools provide convenience for online self-directed learning technically. However, self-directing is relative. With the addition of openness of online learning environment and learner’s weakness of self-monitoring skill, lacking of experience of online learning, evaluation of online self-directed learning appears more important. Learning process is the process of learner seeking, solving problems and reconstructing knowledge. Learning process evaluation is conducive for monitoring and assessing learning process, finding and correcting faults and regulating learning schedule and approach on time.Macro view of the current researches, they focus on concepts and principles of evaluation. Micro view of the current researches, they focus on the technical process or system development of applying specific modern technology into online process evaluation. There is a lack of research of evaluation index system of online learning process evaluation. The existing researches are too simple and general and lack the detailed description and operability. Based on the theoretical research of online learning, evaluating tools and methods, together with the practical experience of Central Radio and TV University and network education companies, the research designed and developed the evaluation index system of online self-directed learning process evaluation, which possesses operability and covers online self-directed learning capability requirements wholly, and modified and verified with Delphi method. Then the research designed the specific evaluation plan based on the specific requirement and circumstance of Lantian University in Jiangxi Province, the experimental university in the program of online learning process assessment in higher education examination for self-directed learners. Moreover, the research analyzed and summarized the existing program implement and provided suggestions for improvement.The research can provide theoretical guidance for process evaluation in modern network education in China, and provide reference for network education institutes designing and implementing process evaluation for online self-directed learning.