“离魂”是我国古代小说创作中的一个母题，源于古人对“离魂症”的思考，其内涵被不同的文学创作者加以丰富。尤其是《聊斋志异·阿宝》这一篇，因为作者蒲松龄自身的医学思想和所处的时代影响，相比之前的模式大同小异的“离魂文学”，有了极大的创新和发展。
文章从四个部分对《聊斋志异·阿宝》中的“离魂”现象，第一部分是对“离魂”以及“离魂文学”的概念和范围的界定，根据古人对“魂”的认知发展，对在文学和医学这两个方面的“离魂”现象进行梳理；第二部分主要从蒲松龄的医学之缘这个方面指出《聊斋志异·阿宝》这一篇的“离魂”情节得以创新的基础；第三部分则从《聊斋志异·阿宝》中的“离魂”情节来对比分析，发现其在离魂主体、离魂类型等方面较之之前盛行的“离魂文学”有很大的创新，并且更具有现实性；第四部分是《聊斋志异·阿宝》的现实意义：一方面是“离魂”叙事自我解构的危险，另一方面更多的是对社会的黑暗面的揭示以及对美好的向往。

"Soul separation" is a motif in the creation of ancient Chinese novels, which originates from the ancient people's thinking of "soul separation". Its connotation is enriched by different literary creators. In particular, Pu Songling's own medical thought and the influence of the times have made great innovations and development compared with the previous "literature of the soul leaving" which has the same pattern.

This paper is divided into four parts: the first part is the definition of the concept and scope of "soul separation" and "soul separation literature". According to the ancient people's cognitive development of "soul", this paper combs the phenomenon of "soul separation" in literature and medicine. The second part mainly points out "Liaozhai" from the aspect of Pu Songling's medical relationship In the third part, the author makes a comparative analysis of the plots of "departing soul" in Liaozhaizhiyi - Abao, and finds that they are more innovative and realistic in the subject and type of departing soul than the prevailing literature of "departing soul". The fourth part is the practical significance of Liaozhaizhiyi - Abao On the one hand, it is the danger of self deconstruction of "soul leaving" narrative, on the other hand, it is more about revealing the dark side of society and yearning for the good.