名谒和名刺是用于通报姓名、身份的文书。两汉魏晋时期，名谒和名刺被作为社会交往道具使用，涉及“奉谒”、“投刺”的事例在史籍记载中屡见不鲜。我国境内当前所出土的名谒、名刺实物已达百件，经过分类整理后可与传世文献相结合，对汉晋时期名谒与名刺的性质、类型、使用情况以及在社会交往中发挥的作用进行考察。

绪论部分，简述名谒、名刺的出土情况和研究现状。名谒和名刺主要出土于东南方地区，西北地区也有少量出土，大部分出土于墓葬中，小部分出土于古井中。涉及名谒和名刺的研究较多，但专门讨论名谒和名刺的论著较少；对于刊布较早或具有代表性的资料研究较为充分，缺少系统整理与分析。近年来有部分学者意识到挖掘名谒、名刺交往功能的价值所在，是研究的新方向，

第一章对名谒与名刺进行概述，讨论名谒与名刺的界定问题、类属问题和正背问题。判断某一材料是否属于名谒和名刺，应当根据其材质和形制、书写体例和内容进行综合性考量。按现有的简牍文书分类标准，将名谒与名刺归为录课类文书是较为妥当的做法，但应注意不同材料的内在区别。当前刊布的名谒和名刺材料，对正背的判断标准不一，应统一正背标准，将带有使用者信息的一面作为正面。

第二章对出土的名谒和名刺进行了分类。名谒分为谒见类、致问类、致贺类和致物类四种；名刺分为常规类、公务类、爵里刺类、功用类四种，另有一部分名刺为习字简。之后以黄埔姬堂晋墓中的谒刺为例讨论了墓葬中出土的名谒名刺是否为明器的问题，得出的结论是当前随葬的名谒、名刺中的大部分并没有足够的证据判定为明器。

第三章以传世文献为基础对出土名谒和名刺中的常用语进行解析。包括“门生”、“弟子”、“故吏”等使用者的谦称，“足下”、“君”、“卿”等对奉谒或投刺对象的敬称，以及“再拜”“问起居”等礼仪用语。

第四章讨论了名谒、名刺与汉晋时期的社会交往。在先秦时期“谒”已经社会交往相关，实物谒的出现时间至当不晚于汉初，至迟在西汉早中期，使用名谒进行拜谒已经是社会交往中的常见做法。名刺承继了名谒的大部分作用，流行于东汉时期，伴随社交范围扩大。最后对汉晋时期的一些通过奉谒和投刺进行交往的案例进行了分析，发现了隐藏在个体交往背后的群体交往，并且两晋之际有通过奉谒和投刺行为参与政治的情况，说明使用名谒、名刺进行社交不止是单纯个体间的情感交互。

附录部分是对出土名谒、名刺出土情况、形制信息、文字内容以及图版的整理。

Mingye and Mingci are instruments used to inform the name and identity. During the Han, Wei and Jin dynasties, Mingye and Mingci were used as props for social communication, and the cases involving "submitting Ye" and "delivering Ci" were common in historical records. At present, there are up to 100 pieces of Mingye and Mingci unearthed in our country. After sorting and sorting, it can be combined with handed down documents to investigate the nature, type, use of Mingye and Mingci and their role in social communication in Han and Jin dynasties.

In the introduction part, the excavation and research status of Mingye and Mingci  are briefly described. Mingye and Mingci  were mainly unearthed in the southeast, and a small number were also unearthed in the northwest, most of them were unearthed in tombs, and a small number were unearthed in ancient wells. There are a lot of researches related to Mingye and Mingci , but there are few dissertations on Mingye and Mingci. For the earlier publication or representative data, the research is sufficient, lack of systematic sorting and analysis. In recent years, some scholars have realized that it is a new research direction to explore the value of the communication function of  Mingye and Mingci.

The first chapter gives an overview of Mingye and Mingci, and discusses the definition，the category and the judgement of front and back of Mingye and Mingci.  To judge whether a certain material belongs to Mingye and Mingci, it should be comprehensively considered according to its material and shape, writing style and content.  According to the existing classification standards of wooden slips, it is more appropriate to classify Mingye and Mingci into the record and check documents, but attention should be paid to the inherent differences between different materials.At present, there are different criteria for judging the back of Mingye and Mingci materials published, and the side with user information should be unified as the positive side.

The second chapter classifies the unearthed Mingye and Mingci. Mingye is divided into four categories： audience Mingye, inquiry Mingye, congratulation category Mingye and object category Mingye; Mingci are divided into three kinds： ordinary Mingci, official Mingci，Juoli Mingci and functional Mingci. Then, taking the tomb of Ji Tang in Huangpu as an example, the question of whether the tomb of unearthed  Mingye and Mingci are funerary wares is discussed. The conclusion is that most of Mingye and Mingci buried in the tomb are not enough evidence to be judged as funerary wares.

The third chapter analyzes the common terms in the unearthed Mingye and Mingci on the basis of the handed down documents. Including "Mensheng", "Dizi", "Guli" and other users of humility, "Zuxia", "Jun", "Qing" and other respectful names for the worship or stabbing object, and "Zaibai" and "Wenqiju" and other ceremonial expressions.

The fourth chapter discusses the social interaction between Mingye, Mingci and Han to Jin dynasties. In the pre-Qin period, "Ye" has been related to social communication, and the appearance of physical Ye should be no later than the early Han Dynasty, and no later than the early and middle Western Han Dynasty, using Mingye to pay homage has been a common practice in social communication. The Mingci inherited most of the functions of  Mingye and became popular in the Eastern Han Dynasty with the expansion of social circle. Finally, the paper analyzes some cases of communication through paying homage and stabbing in Han and Jin dynasties, and finds out that group communication hidden behind individual communication, and there are cases of participating in politics through paying homage and stabbing during the two Jin Dynasties, which shows that social interaction using Mingye and Mingci is not just emotional interaction between individuals.

The appendix is the sorting out of the unearthed cases, the shape information, the text content and the plates of  unearthed Mingye and Mingci.