接管城市是治理现代化城市的开端。中国共产党自诞生以来就把接管与建设城市作为自己的历史使命，而晋察冀边区是重要的实践地之一，不仅开启了党的城市接管的先声，而且中央工委《关于收复石家庄的城市工作经验的通报》，毛泽东《各地应注意总结城市工作经验》等影响全国城市接管的重要文件，均在晋察冀边区发布。因此，探索晋察冀边区城市接管与建设的经验教训，能够为当今党的城市治理提供重要的历史借鉴。但由于革命年代党的工作重心长期在农村，学界对以土地政策为核心的党的农村根据地建设研究相当丰富，而对党的城市接管与建设问题的研究十分稀少，成为中国党史学界研究较为薄弱的课题之一。

有鉴于此，针对党的城市接管问题，将研究视域集中在晋察冀边区，研究时段主要划定为自边区成立至建制撤销（1937-1948），将边区内的城市接管问题作一个整体性研究。主要内容有：其一，晋察冀边区的发展与城市工作的艰难起步。在艰苦卓绝的抗战期间，边区在一些占领的规模并不是很大、为数很少的县城或人口聚集区逐步摸索“城市”的管理工作。其二，抗战胜利前后晋察冀边区城市接管的尝试。抗日大反攻阶段，在中国共产党解放、接管的150多座城市当中，隶属于晋察冀边区的占很大比重。边区不仅最早在辖区内开始城市的建设，还派出干部、军队迅速开赴东北，一度接管了沈阳、长春等地，积累了城市接管的早期经验。其三，争取和平民主时期晋察冀边区的城市建设。此间，晋察冀边区的城市建设，尤其是首府城市张家口的建设成为国际瞩目的“窗口”，取得重大成绩的同时也积累了经验教训，是党的城市建设的重要起源地。其四，内战爆发初期晋察冀边区城市工作的挫折。由于军事上的失利，边区的城市工作遭受了重大挫折。其五，解放战争后期晋察冀边区的城市接管工作。正太战役前后，我军相继解放了一批县城，尤其是清风店战役胜利后，我军乘胜夺取石门市（后改称石家庄市）。在中工委指导下，晋察冀边区迅速派干部对石门市进行接管，取得了重要的“石家庄经验”。

通过对历史的梳理，可以发现晋察冀边区的城市接管主要有两个特点：一是城市接管的时间较早。抗战末期，边区成功接管了察哈尔省会张家口，这是大革命失败后党接管的第一座省会城市；解放战争时期，边区又接管了华北重要交通枢纽石家庄，这是全国内战爆发以来党夺取的第一座较大城市。二是城市接管的范围较广。不仅涉及山西、察哈尔、河北三省，还涉及东北和北平等地。坚持“论从史出、史论结合”原则的基础上，可以得出晋察冀边区城市接管的主要经验有：民主政权、首当其冲；重视文教、大力宣传；发展工商、保障民生；劳资两利、重在合作。主要教训有：搜集物资与建设城市相矛盾；斗地主与斗资本家相混淆；依靠贫下中农与依靠城市贫民相等同；片面提高工人待遇与发展城市经济相冲突。尤其是晋察冀边区城市接管中的教训，构成了此后党的城市接管的重要“经验”。总之，晋察冀边区首府张家口的城市接管经验、“石家庄经验”等，构成了新中国成立前后全国各大中城市接管的理论与实践的重要基础，晋察冀的接管干部亦成为党的全国城市接管的重要有生力量。

Taking over the city is the beginning of governing the modern city. Since its birth, the Communist Party of China has taken over and building cities as its historical mission, and the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei border area is one of the important practice areas, which not only opened the prelude of the party's urban takeover, but also influenced the national urban takeover. The Central Working Committee's “Circular on recovering the urban work experience of Shijiazhuang”, Mao Zedong's “all regions should pay attention to summing up the urban work experience”，which were published in the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei border region. Therefore, to explore the experience and lessons of urban takeover and construction in Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei border area can provide an important historical reference for the party's urban governance. However, since the focus of the party's work in the rural areas for a long time in the revolutionary era, the research on the construction of the party's rural base areas with the land policy as the core is quite rich, while the research on the party's urban takeover and construction is very rare, which has become one of the weak topics in the academic circle of CPC history.

In view of this, about the party's urban takeover problem, the research focuses on the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei border region, and the research period is mainly divided into the period from the establishment of the border region to the revocation of the organizational system (1937-1948). The main contents are as follows: first, the development of Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei border area and the difficult start of urban work. During the arduous war of resistance against Japan, the border region gradually explored the management of “cities”in some county town  or population gathering area，which were not occupied by enemy. Second, before and after the victory of the Anti Japanese War, the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei border area attempt to take over the cities. In the stage of the Anti Japanese counterattack, among the more than 150 cities liberated and taken over by the Communist Party of China, those belonging to the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei border area accounted for a large proportion. The border region not only started the construction of cities in the area under its jurisdiction, but also sent cadres and troops to the Northeast quickly, once taking over Shenyang, Changchun and other places, accumulating the early experience of taking over cities. Third, strive for the urban construction of Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei border area in the period of peace and democracy. During this period, the urban construction of Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei border area, especially the construction of Zhangjiakou, the capital city, has become a “window ”of international attention. While making great achievements, it has also accumulated experience and lessons. It is an important origin of the party's urban construction. Fourth, in the early stage of the civil war, the urban work of Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei border area was frustrated. Because of the military defeat, the urban work in the border region suffered a major setback. Fifth, in the later period of the liberation war, the cities in Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei border region took over the work. Before and after the Zhengtai campaign, our army liberated a number of counties, especially after the victory of the Qingfengdian campaign, our army seized Shimen city (later renamed Shijiazhuang City). Under the guidance of the Central Working Committee, the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei border region quickly sent cadres to take over Shimen City, and obtained important “Shijiazhuang experience”.

By combing the history, we can find that there are two main characteristics of city takeover in Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei border region: first, the time of city takeover is early. At the end of the Anti Japanese War, the border region successfully took over Zhangjiakou, the capital of Chahar Province, which was the first provincial capital city taken over by the party after the failure of the great revolution； during the war of liberation, the border region took over Shijiazhuang, an important transportation hub in North China, which was the first large city taken over by the party since the outbreak of the civil war. Second, the scope of urban takeover is wide. It involves not only Shanxi, Chahar and Hebei provinces, but also northeast and Peiping. On the basis of adhering to the principle of “theory from history and combination of history and theory”, it can be concluded that the main experiences of taking over cities in Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei border region are: democratic government, bearing the brunt； paying attention to culture and education, vigorously publicizing； developing industry and commerce, ensuring people's livelihood； benefiting both labor and capital, focusing on cooperation. The main lessons are as follows: the contradiction between collecting materials and building cities； the confusion between fighting landlords and fighting capitalists； the equality between relying on the poor and lower middle peasants and relying on the urban poor； the conflict between unilaterally improving workers' treatment and developing urban economy. In particular, the lessons of the city takeover in the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei border region constitute the important “experience” of the party's city takeover since then. In a word, the experience of Zhangjiakou, the capital of Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei border region, and the “Shijiazhuang experience”constitute an important basis for the theory and practice of the takeover of large and medium-sized cities in China before and after the founding of new China, and the takeover cadres of Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei have also become an important force for the party to take over cities in China.