民国初年高等教育方兴未艾，孙中山为了实现“国民教育”的理想，在其亲自提议下，由宋教仁具体筹备，于1913年初创办了中国大学。由于有众多国民党要员担任校董，这所私立大学在民初政争中几次面临被关闭的危险，直到1928年国民党形式上统一全国后，中国大学才进入快速发展的10年。20世纪30年代，面对外敌入侵，国民政府“攘外必先安内”的政策受到国人抵制，中国大学因其相对自由的学风、校风，出现了一批宣传马克思主义的“红色教授”，该校甚至一度成为北平学生运动的中心之一。“七七事变”后，北平沦陷，众多高校不得不内迁。由于学校的私立性质，加之国民政府教育部赋予其特殊的使命，中国大学在校长何其巩的领导下，巧妙与敌伪周旋，成为抗战8年在北平坚持办学的不受日本人控制的两所高校之一（另外一所是辅仁大学）。抗战胜利后，中国大学进入短暂的休整期。随着全面内战爆发，中国大学也出现了争取教职工待遇、改“国立”的学潮。北平解放后不久，因在重重矛盾中内耗不断，中国大学无法继续办学，向北京军管会提出了请政府接收的函件，随后该校彻底停办。中国大学这所带有特殊背景的私立大学，几乎与民国历史相始终。政治、经济、文化、教育等因素对中国大学的发展产生了复杂的影响。由此，该校成为探究政局变动与近代中国私立大学互动关系的典型案例。

The higher education developed rapidly in the early days of The Republic of China. In order to realize the ideal of the "national education", under Sun yat-sen's proposals and Song Jiaoren personally preparation, the Chinese University was founded in early 1913. Because there are many Kuomintang (KMT) dignitaries as school boards, in the evolvement of political infighting the private university faced shut down several times.Until Nanjing National Government was established, the Chinese University got into 10 years of development. But in the 1930s, in the face of foreign invasion, the National Government carried out the policy of “Resisting Foreign Aggression after Stabilizing the Country”,and all the people resisted it. Because of the free style of study spirit in the Chinese University, the university appeared a batch of “red professor", and the Chinese University even became the center of Beiping student movement. After the incident of July 7, many universities had to move. Because of its nature of private and the headmaster'sendeavor,the Chinese University was kept in Beiping. After the victory of Anti-Japanese War, the Chinese University got into a short break and then this school also had appeared in the fight for the staff treatment and "national" student movement after the full-scale civil war broke out. Finally, due to internal friction in the many contradictions, this school couldn't go on running, so it asked Beijing Military management committee to receive it after Beiping liberation. The Chinese University had the history with the history of the Republic of China.Thepolitics, economy, culture, education and other environment influence on the development of the university, so as to clarify the influence of the complicated political situation in the Chinese University, and then analysis political influence on modern Chinese university especially private colleges and universities.