我国的民族声乐以声音纯净、明亮、悠扬、抒情等特点受到广大群众的喜爱，在音色、韵味、风格等方面具备明显的中国音乐特色。它是我国各族劳动人民在日常的生产生活实践中创造的，发声技巧纯朴自然，用本民族语言进行演唱。我国的民族声乐种类繁多，总体可以划分为民歌、说唱、戏曲三大部分。在民歌演唱方面当前占据主流媒体的“学院派”唱法和“原生态”唱法，是老百姓认识民歌的两种重要形式。当代以金铁霖为代表的民族声乐“学院派”唱法深刻的影响着民歌演唱的审美，使很多老百姓和声乐初学者认为这就是中国民歌的规范唱法。这种唱法主张在我国传统民歌、曲艺、戏曲演唱方法的基础上，吸收和借鉴了西方声乐演唱技术，在不失中华民族传统文化韵味的同时又符合时代审美特征，是中国的民歌在唱法上的重要变革，而且取得了很大的成功。但是随之也出现了“千人一面，万人一声”等现象，引起了广大音乐工作者的批评和反思。2006年青歌赛增设了“原生态”唱法组的比赛，引起更多的人对民族声乐唱法和状态的思考和争论，主要围绕着演唱方法的科学性问题，如何保持民歌演唱丰富多彩的鲜明特色问题，以及如何发展中国的民族声乐问题等。本文通过对“学院派”唱法的历史发展及代表人物的回顾，总结了各个时期的演唱风格和演唱方法的发展演变，并按照“原生态”民歌区域性的特点及代表人物，阐述了各区域的民歌风格和演唱特点。在对两种唱法认识的基础之上，引发出自己的思考，1、民歌演唱的“学院派”唱法和“原生态”唱法都具备很高的科学性，“学院派”的特点是系统性，“原生态”的特点是丰富性。2、随着经济发展，原生态音乐的生长环境濒临灭绝，如何面对这一状况。3、挖掘“原生态”民歌的丰富性和演唱方法的科学性，完善理论系统，使与世界接轨的中国民歌保持本身非常鲜明的特色。

Chinese national vocal music is an art form which is well known and widely favored by people, the Original Singing and Academic Singing takes up the major position in the singing field. The traditional national vocal music singing method generally be considered as Original Singing, and on this basis, through borrowing and absorbing the Western vocal music technology, it finally develop into a new type of singing called Academic Singing. This singing has achieved success, and has played a significant role in promoting the development of national vocal music, even making many people and vocal beginners think that the Academic Singing is the standard of Chinese national vocal music singing method. This phenomenon has caused by the criticism and reflection of the majority of musicians. This paper introduces two kinds of singing characteristics, development and the respect such as the current situation is studied, analyzed the origin of this phenomenon and put forward that national vocal music should be singing with various method like hundred flowers blossom together, the Multi-Development can cause the national vocal music has a longer and more exuberant vitality.