中文题名: | 教养牺牲的亲子感知差异及其与青少年学业投入、学业表现的关系 |
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保密级别: | 公开 |
论文语种: | 中文 |
学科代码: | 04020003 |
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学生类型: | 硕士 |
学位: | 教育学硕士 |
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学位年度: | 2021 |
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学院: | |
研究方向: | 发展心理学 |
第一导师姓名: | |
第一导师单位: | |
提交日期: | 2021-06-07 |
答辩日期: | 2021-06-03 |
外文题名: | PARENT-CHILD DISCREPANCIES IN PARENTAL SACRIFICE AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH ADOLESCENTS' ACADEMIC ENGAGEMENT AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE |
中文关键词: | |
外文关键词: | Parental sacrifice ; Parent-child discrepancy ; Academic engagement ; Academic performance ; Socioeconomic status of families |
中文摘要: |
中国文化下常常讲“牺牲”,家长为孩子、为家庭的退让、牺牲,被许多孩子视为激励自己前行的力量;但也有一些孩子“不领情”,不愿意投入学习。以往研究发现,家长和孩子对教养往往存在感知差异,这一感知差异会影响孩子学业等方面的发展,那么对教养牺牲的亲子感知差异是否也会影响青少年的学业投入、学业表现?然而,大陆尚未有研究者对家长的教养牺牲做出明确界定和研究,这种影响关系也尚未得以验证,此外,这种关系模式是否会因家庭社会经济地位不同而存在差异,也需进一步的讨论。 本研究采用半结构访谈法,编制了适用于我国家庭的家长版和青少年版教养牺牲问卷,随后,采用问卷调查法,对370个父母担任主要照顾者的六到八年级青少年家庭进行了三次追踪调查,考察了教养牺牲的亲子感知差异与青少年学业投入、学业表现的关系。研究结果发现: (1)适用于中国家庭的教养牺牲量表共18个项目,包括“牺牲个人自由”、“牺牲财务资源”和“争取额外资源”三个维度,每个项目从行为(行为频率)、认知(牺牲程度)、情感(自愿程度)三方面进行评价。 (2)总体来看,主要照顾者比青少年报告出显著多的教养牺牲行为,显著低的教养牺牲程度,显著高的牺牲自愿程度。 (3)横向数据结果显示,主要照顾者与青少年对教养牺牲程度、牺牲自愿程度的感知差异可以显著负向预测青少年的学业投入;而主要照顾者与青少年对教养牺牲行为的感知差异可以显著负向预测青少年的学业表现。 (4)纵向数据结果显示,教养牺牲的亲子感知差异对青少年学业的负向影响是跨时间稳定的因果影响,且两者之间存在双向的因果影响;在各个时间跨度上,青少年学业投入和学业表现都是相互正向影响的;教养牺牲的亲子感知差异可以通过青少年学业投入的中介级联影响学业表现,但学业表现的中介并不显著。 (5)教养牺牲的亲子感知差异与青少年学业投入、学业表现的关系在高/低社会经济地位的家庭中表现出不同的模式。学业表现对后续教养牺牲的亲子感知差异的影响只在高社会经济地位家庭中显著;区分高/低社会经济地位后,教养牺牲的亲子感知差异表现出了对青少年学业投入的正向影响,在低社会经济地位家庭中起显著影响的是行为方面的亲子感知差异,在高社会经济地位家庭中起显著影响的是意愿方面的亲子感知差异。 |
外文摘要: |
"Sacrifice" is often mentioned in Chinese culture. It is regarded by many children as the power to encourage themselves to move forward that parents sacrifice for their children and families. But there are also some children who are ungrateful and then unwilling to devote themselves to study. Previous studies have found that parents and children often have discrepant perception in parenting, which will affect children's academic achievement and other development outcomes. Therefore, parent-child perception discrepancy in parental sacrifice may also affect teenagers' academic engagement and academic performance. However, there has not been a clear definition and study of parental sacrifice in mainland China, as well as the verified influence relationship. In addition, it remains to discuss whether this relationship pattern is moderated by socioeconomic status of families. This research adopted semi-structured interview method to develop the Parental Sacrifice Questionnaire (PSQ) for Chinese parents and children. Then, this research conducted three follow-up surveys with 370 families of sixth - to eighth-grade adolescents whose parents were the primary caregivers, and examined the relationship between parent-child discrepancy in parental sacrifice, adolescents' academic engagement and academic performance. The findings were as follows: (1) There were 18 items and three factors in PSQ, including “sacrifice in personal freedom” “sacrifice in money resources” and “seeking extra resources”. Each item was rated in terms of behavior (occurrence frequency), cognition (sacrifice degree) and affection (voluntary degree). (2) Overall, primary caregivers reported significantly higher parental sacrifice occurrence frequency, significantly lower sacrifice degree, and significantly higher voluntary degree than adolescents. (3) According to cross-section data, the parent-child discrepancies in parental sacrifice occurrence frequency and voluntary degree predicted adolescents' academic engagement negatively; the parent-child discrepancies in sacrifice degree predicted adolescents' academic performance negatively. (4) According to longitudinal data, the negative effect of parent-child discrepancies in sacrifice on adolescents' academic performance was a stable causal effect across time, and there was a two-way causal effect between the two; adolescents' academic engagement and academic performance were mutually positive influenced in each time span; parent-child discrepancies in sacrifice could negatively affect adolescents' academic performance through the mediating effect of their academic engagement, but the mediating effect of adolescents' academic performance did not exist. (5) The socioeconomic status of families moderated the relationships among parent-child discrepancies in parental sacrifice, adolescents' academic engagement and academic performance. The effect of academic performance on the parent-child discrepancies in parental sacrifice was only significant in the families with high socioeconomic status. On the other hand, although the parent-child discrepancies in parental sacrifice showed a positive impact on adolescents' academic engagement in both high- and low-socioeconomic status families which differed from the overall model, the aspect worked was different. In the low socioeconomic status families, it was the discrepancy in occurrence frequency, while it was the discrepancy in voluntary degree in the high socioeconomic status families. |
参考文献总数: | 108 |
馆藏号: | 硕040200-03/21003 |
开放日期: | 2022-06-07 |