“科幻新浪潮”是世界科幻发展史上的标志性运动，该运动聚焦20世纪50至70年代的科幻创作，在世界科幻发展史上具有重要地位。伴随美苏冷战中人类向太空进军的步伐，美国“科幻新浪潮”一扫前人遗风，呈现蓬勃态势，追随现实的脚步向外层空间进军。美国科幻电影在本时期的蓬勃之势与外太空探索题材休戚相关，这背后蕴含的宇宙探索实践及精神在近代政治、文化与科技史上具有一定的典型意义。梳理美国在“科幻新浪潮”时期创作的影片，可以使本研究透过影像的视野展示这一具有典型意义的历史时期中美国如何通过文化消费品传递、映射和回流其主体性意识。

通过文本分析、比较分析等方法，本文意在回答以下问题：好莱坞科幻电影在“科幻新浪潮”运动的发生与发展中扮演了怎样的角色？外层空间想象缘何成为“科幻新浪潮”时期电影生产环节的普遍优选？美国“科幻新浪潮”影片内部的审美特征、类型艺术、生产逻辑如何与影片外部的社会、政治和文化背景产生齐头并进或此消彼长的交织互动？

正文第一章追溯美国科幻电影中的太空冒险叙事及其想象源头。在好莱坞科幻电影类型化起步阶段，成熟的类型电影体系，科幻文学题材积累和思想传统，以及二战末期美苏关系，三者共同推动太空冒险叙事登至台前。太空冒险叙事与外层空间想象在好莱坞类型发展过程中广泛吸纳文学素材并融合当时的社会文化，使针对外层空间的想象成为好莱坞科幻电影最炙手可热的题材选择，塑造了“科幻新浪潮”电影的美学风格、思想观念与叙事传统。

正文第二章讨论冷战思维如何为“科幻新浪潮”电影拓展想象外层空间的维度。随着“红色恐慌”思想的渗透，好莱坞对外层空间的想象不仅呈现出巨大的冷战焦虑，也通过对冷战政局的隐喻拓展了“科幻新浪潮”影片想象宇宙的方式。冷战中美国的意识形态变化在潜移默化中改变了好莱坞对多种科幻元素的阐释，并通过政治隐喻反映美国社会的焦虑情绪。由此，冷战文化与冷战科技进展共同拓展了“科幻新浪潮”电影想象外层空间的方式。

正文第三章讨论美国社会阶层分化状态如何影响“科幻新浪潮”电影高峰期的创作。立足20世纪70年代美国社会阶层分化的历史基础，本章分析“科幻新浪潮”电影在这一阶段如何通过争夺科幻符号解码权的方式反抗主流话语中的冷战叙事，并探讨“科幻新浪潮”电影在这一时期的创作实践如何运用外层空间想象映射美国在这一时期的社会阶层问题。

综上所述，本文核心内容有以下两点：其一，科幻电影中的外层空间想象如何超越电影叙事元素本身，积极反映美国社会在20世纪中叶的社会变革；其二，美国“科幻新浪潮”影片如何在在美利坚民族性和美苏冷战中触及当时的政治背景与社会现实，从而使科幻电影成为理解20世纪中叶美国社会历史的一条通道。立足“科幻新浪潮”运动，本文以科幻电影的创作高地美国为对象，将美国科幻电影的发展历程置于冷战阴霾与技术狂潮之中，为长久以来仅被视作文学史概念的“科幻新浪潮”补充电影的重要维度。

The "New Wave of Science Fiction" is an iconic movement in the history of science fiction development worldwide, focusing on science fiction creations from the 1950s to 1970s and holds significant importance in the historical development of global science fiction. Coinciding with humans into space during the US-Soviet Cold War, the American "New Wave of Science Fiction" swept away the old and presented a vigorous trend, marching towards outer space in step with reality. The prosperity of American science fiction films during this period was closely related to the theme of outer space exploration. The underlying practices and spirit of cosmic exploration have typical significance in modern political, cultural, and technological history. By reviewing the science fiction films created during America's "New Wave of Science Fiction" period, this study demonstrates through a visual perspective of how America conveyed, reflected, and recycled its subjectivity consciousness through cultural consumer products during this historically significant period.

This paper aims to answer the following questions through text analysis and comparative analysis: What role did Hollywood science fiction movies play in the emergence and development of the "New Wave of Science Fiction"? Why did the imagination of outer space become a preferred theme in film production during the New Wave period? How did aesthetic features, genre art, and production logic of American "New Wave of Science Fiction" films intercross with social, political, and cultural contexts in either a concurrent or contrasting manner?

The first chapter retraces the narratives and imaginative sources of space adventures in American science fiction films. During the initial stage of Hollywood science fiction film genre, the mature genre film system, accumulated science fiction literary themes and ideological traditions, along with US-Soviet relations at the end of World War II, collectively promoted space adventure narratives to the forefront. The narrative of space adventures in science fiction films widely absorbed literary materials and integrated with contemporary social culture during the development of Hollywood genres, shaping cosmic space imagination to become the most popular subject matter of Hollywood science fiction films, thus molding the aesthetic style, ideological views, and traditional narration of "New Wave of Science Fiction" films.

The second chapter discusses how the Cold War thinking expanded the dimension of imagining outer space in "New Wave of Science Fiction" films. With the infiltration of McCarthyism, Hollywood's imagination of space not only displayed significant anxiety of the Cold War, but also expanded the way "New Wave of Science Fiction" films imagined the cosmos through metaphors of the Cold War political situation. The ideological shifts in America during the Cold War subtly altered Hollywood's interpretation of various science fiction elements, reflecting American societal anxieties through political metaphors. As a result, Cold War culture and technological advancements collectively broadened the way New Wave films imagined outer space.

The third chapter discusses how the current state of social class differentiation in American society affected the creation of "New Wave of Science Fiction " films at their peak. Based on the historical context of social class differentiation in the 1970s in America, this chapter analyzes how "New Wave of Science Fiction" films during this period resisted mainstream Cold War narratives by competing for the decoding rights of science fiction symbols. It also explores how the creative practices of "New Wave of Science Fiction" films during this era used outer space imagination to reflect the social stratification issues in America in the 1970s.

In summary, this paper focuses on two main points: First, how the imagination of outer space in science fiction films transcended the narrative elements of the films themselves, thereby actively reflecting the social transformations of American society in the mid-20th-century; Secondly, how American "New Wave of Science Fiction" films touched on the political backdrop and social realities of the time amidst American nationalism, the Cold War, and the youth subculture movement, allowing science fiction films to become a channel for understanding American social history in the mid-20th-century. By focusing on the "New Wave of Science Fiction," this paper takes the creative high ground of American science fiction films as its subject, placing the development of American science fiction films within the shadows of the Cold War and the frenzy of technological advancements, adding an important cinematic dimension to the "New Wave Science Fiction," which had long been regarded merely as a literary concept.