“民以食为天，食以安为先”。食品安全问题，关系到人民群众身体健康和生命安全，关系到经济的可持续发展、政治的稳定和谐，也关系到政府公信力和国际社会形象。近年来，我国食品安事故时有爆发，食品安全紧急警报不断在食品阵营中一次次被拉响，令国民感到痛心不已。中央国家机关和地方政府开展史无前例的“食品安全专项整治”活动，力图保障食品安全。食品安全问题从来没有像现在一样被万众瞩目。论文首先对我国目前食品安全监管在法律法规建设、组织结构设置以及食品监管各部门运行机制等方面做出详细的描述，深入分析其不足之处；其次介绍美国、欧盟和日本的食品安全监管的法制建设、机构设置以及运行机制；再次，在分析我国食品安全监管不足、对比西方发达国家和地区良好的食品安全监管机制基础上，提出我国食品安全监管的改革和发展方向。文章最后得出结论：健全食品安全法律法规配套制度，建立食品安全国家标准并减少与西方发达国家的差距；建立统一的食品安全监管体制，由分段监管转向全流程监管，加强执法队伍建设，并加强食品安全监测技术的研究和应用；健全食品安全风险评估机制，把风险评估与风险管理相分离，搭建风险信息沟通与共享平台；强化企业第一责任人意识，建立食品安全信用档案，加大对违法违规行为的责任追究和惩处力度；建立食品可追溯和问题食品可召回制度；推行食品安全第三方认可机制和全社会广泛参与机制。同时，论文也指出食品安全不存在“零风险”，食品安全监管是一项系统工程，必须标本兼治、综合施策。

Food is the paramount necessity of the people， and the safety of food is the premise to this necessity. The problem of food relates to people’s physical security and life health， and the Sustainable development of economy， it also concerns with the government credit power and the international image. In recent years， however， the problem of food safety outbreaks constantly which brings endless heartache to national people. The central government departments and local governments have launched the unprecedented movements of special regulation of food safety， which aim at guaranteeing food security. The problem of food safety has never been paid so much attention by national people like now-days. There are several parts in this paper. Firstly，introduces the current situation of the our government supervision about food safety， including Laws about regulations， Institutional settings ，and discuss problems about them. Secondly， introduce foreign governments’ supervision mechanism about food safety， which mainly research the construction of food safety laws and regulations， the supervising setting up and running mechanism in America， European Union and Japan. Thirdly， we explore the reform development directions of our governments’ supervision mechanism on the basis of analyzing the insufficiency of our supervision mechanism and summarizing the advanced supervision experience of America， Japan and European Union. At last， this paper comes to conclusions: Perfecting laws and regulations supporting system， building national standards and reducing the gap form abroad; Establishing a unified food safety super system， turning to whole process from subsection， stringing the power of teams and new technology about research and application. Perfecting risk assessment mechanism， separating assessment and regulation， building the platform for information communication; Enhancing the first responsible person of enterprises， setting up credit files for them， and increasing accountability and punishment; Stabling traceability and recalling system; Promoting third-party accreditation and social participation mechanisms; At the same time， the paper points that food safety is a systematic project and there is no zero risk about it， needing comprehensive strategy.