历史与社会新课程实施将近十年了，新课程催生教学新理念。“为了每一个学生的发展”是这次新课程改革的核心理念。为了促进学生的发展，我们教师必须提高历史与社会教学的有效性。2010年2月28日我国公布了《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要》（２０１０－２０２０年）（公开征求意见稿），《纲要》第四章义务教育第十条规定：学校要把减负落实到教育教学各个环节，给学生留下了解社会、深入思考、动手实践的时间。提高教师业务素质，改进教学方法，增强课堂教学效果，减少作业量和考试次数。从《纲要》规定来看，我们教师必须提高教学的有效性。维果茨基指出：在学生最近发展区进行的教学，才是有效的教学。本文力图以最近发展区理论为指导，试图找到一条理论与教学实践相结合的教学道路。本文分析了教学无效或低效的原因，发现如果教学是在学生现有发展区来展开的，教学就不能激发学生学习的积极性，就会导致教学低效；如果教学超出学生的最近发展区来进行，学生就会感到知识高不可攀，就会导致教学无效。本文提供了一些可操作性的教学案例或教学片断，表明以最近发展区理论为指导的教学能提高教学的有效性，目的在于把握历史与社会教学的科学性和规律性，提高历史与社会教学的课堂效果，从而促进学生的发展。课堂教学有效性是教师永远的追求。教学的真谛就是以学生现有发展区为起点，持续地在学生的最近发展区展开教学，使学生获得持续的发展。以科学的理论指导教学，教学就会收到事半功倍的教学效果。

History and society in the implementation of the new curriculum for nearly ten years, the new programme promotes the teaching of new ideas. “To each student's development”was the core idea of the new curriculum. In order to promote the development of our students, teachers must enhance the teaching of history and society. February 28, 2010, China promulgated the parochial education reform and development planning framework (2010-2020) (public draft), the guidelines in chapter IV of article 10 provides for compulsory education: schools to reduce the burden to education and teaching, students learn about society, in-depth consideration, hands-on time. Improve the quality of teachers, improving teaching methods, to improve classroom teaching, reduce workload and examinations. From the outline of the law, our teachers must improve teaching effectiveness.Vygotsky pointed out: in the student zone of proximal development of teaching, teaching is effective. This article is a recent development in the area of theory, trying to find a theory and practice of the road. This paper analyzes the teaching is invalid or ineffective, if teaching is in the students ' existing development area to expand, teaching can not inspire enthusiasm, teaching inefficient; if the teaching is out of the student's recent development area, students will feel knowledge is not acceptable, which cause the teaching is not valid. This article provides some practical teaching case or teaching fragment, indicates that in the recent development in the area of theory teaching can improve the effectiveness of teaching, in order to grasp the teaching of history and social science and law, to improve the teaching of history and society, thus contributing to the effectiveness of student development.The effectiveness of classroom teaching, teachers always pursuit. The true meaning of the teaching is the student's existing development area as a starting point to continued access to student's recent development area expand teaching, students will obtain sustainable development. With a scientific theory to guide instruction, teaching will serve to do more with less.